img

Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Report, History and Forecast 2018-2034, Breakdown Data by Manufacturers, Key Regions, Types and Application


Published on: 2024-01-04 | No of Pages : 400 | Industry : Pharma & Healthcare

Publisher : MRA | Format : PDF

Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Report, History and Forecast 2018-2034, Breakdown Data by Manufacturers, Key Regions, Types and Application

This report studies the Medical Adhesive Tapes market, Medical adhesive tape also known as surgical tape, medical adhesive tape is available in many different types for a variety of medical applications, including cloth, paper, waterproof, micropore, and pressure-sensitive.
Medical Adhesive Tapes report published by QYResearch reveals that COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War impacted the market dually in 2022. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes market is projected to reach US$ 13720 million in 2034, increasing from US$ 12010 million in 2022, with the CAGR of 1.9% during the period of 2024 to 2034. Demand from Fixation and Wound Dressing are the major drivers for the industry.
Global Power Cords & Extension Cords key players include 3M, Johnson & Johnson, Smith & Nephew, etc. Global top three manufacturers hold a share over 20%.
North America is the largest market, with a share about 40%, followed by Asia-Pacific and Europe, both have a share over 50 percent.
In terms of product, Medical Breathable Non-woven Tape is the largest segment, with a share about 27%. And in terms of application, the largest application is Wound Dressing, followed by Fixation, Surgeries, etc.
Report Scope
This report, based on historical analysis (2018-2022) and forecast calculation (2024-2034), aims to help readers to get a comprehensive understanding of global Medical Adhesive Tapes market with multiple angles, which provides sufficient supports to readers’ strategy and decision making.
Manufacturers, Type, Application and Regions Listed in the Report



By Company


3M
Johnson & Johnson
Smith & Nephew
Medtronic
Nitto Medical
Cardinal Health
Henkel
Beiersdorf
Udaipur Surgicals
Medline Medical
Hartmann
Molnlycke
BSN
DYNAREX
McKesson
DUKAL
Winner Medical
PiaoAn Group
HaiNuo
3L Medical
Nanfang Medical
Qiaopai Medical
Huazhou PSA
Longer
Shandong Cheerain Medical
Segment by Type
Medical Breathable Non-woven Tape
Medical Breathable PE Tape
Medical Rayon Tape
Easy-tear Non-woven Cloth Tape
Zinc Oxide Adhesive Cloth Tape
Waterproof Zinc Oxide Adhesive Cloth Tape
Others

Segment by Application


Fixation
Wound Dressing
Surgeries
Others

Segment by Region


North America
U.S.
Canada
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
India
Australia
China Taiwan
Indonesia
Thailand
Malaysia
Philippines
Vietnam
Latin America
Mexico
Brazil
Argentina
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
U.A.E
Each chapter of the report provides detailed information for readers to understand the Medical Adhesive Tapes market further
Chapter 1Product Definition, Product Types, Volume and Revenue analysis of Each Type in North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa from 2018 to 2024.
Chapter 2Manufacturer Competition Status, including Sales and Revenue comparison, Manufacturers’ commercial date of Medical Adhesive Tapes, product type offered by each manufacturer, Mergers & Acquisitions activities, Expansion activities occurred in the Medical Adhesive Tapes industry.
Chapter 3Historical (2018-2022) and forecast (2024-2034) volume and revenue analysis of Medical Adhesive Tapes in North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa.
Chapter 4Product Application, Volume and Revenue analysis of Each Application in North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa from 2018 to 2024.
Chapter 5 to 9Country Level analysis of North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa, including volume and revenue analysis.
Chapter 10Manufacturers’ Outline, covering company’s basic information like headquarter, contact information, major business, Medical Adhesive Tapes introduction, etc. Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of each company as well as Recent Development are also contained in this part.
Chapter 11Industry Chain, like raw materials, manufacturing cost, are covered. In addition, market opportunities and challenges are emphasized as well in the chapter.
Chapter 12Market Channel, Distributors and Customers are listed.
Chapter 13QYResearch’s Conclusions of Medical Adhesive Tapes market based on comprehensive survey.
Chapter 14Methodology and Data Sources adopted by QYResearch.

Table of Content

1 Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Overview
1.1 Medical Adhesive Tapes Product Overview
1.2 Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Segment by Type
1.2.1 Medical Breathable Non-woven Tape
1.2.2 Medical Breathable PE Tape
1.2.3 Medical Rayon Tape
1.2.4 Easy-tear Non-woven Cloth Tape
1.2.5 Zinc Oxide Adhesive Cloth Tape
1.2.6 Waterproof Zinc Oxide Adhesive Cloth Tape
1.2.7 Others
1.3 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size by Type
1.3.1 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size Overview by Type (2018-2034)
1.3.2 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Historic Market Size Review by Type (2018-2024)
1.3.3 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Forecasted Market Size by Type (2024-2034)
1.4 Key Regions Market Size Segment by Type
1.4.1 North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Breakdown by Type (2018-2024)
1.4.2 Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Breakdown by Type (2018-2024)
1.4.3 Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Breakdown by Type (2018-2024)
1.4.4 Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Breakdown by Type (2018-2024)
1.4.5 Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Breakdown by Type (2018-2024)
2 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Competition by Company
2.1 Global Top Players by Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (2018-2024)
2.2 Global Top Players by Medical Adhesive Tapes Revenue (2018-2024)
2.3 Global Top Players by Medical Adhesive Tapes Price (2018-2024)
2.4 Global Top Manufacturers Medical Adhesive Tapes Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type
2.5 Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.5.1 Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Concentration Rate (2018-2024)
2.5.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers by Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales and Revenue in 2022
2.6 Global Top Manufacturers by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Medical Adhesive Tapes as of 2022)
2.7 Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Medical Adhesive Tapes Market
2.8 Key Manufacturers Medical Adhesive Tapes Product Offered
2.9 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
3 Medical Adhesive Tapes Status and Outlook by Region
3.1 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size and CAGR by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
3.2 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Historic Market Size by Region
3.2.1 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Region (2018-2024)
3.2.2 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Region (2018-2024)
3.2.3 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (Volume & Value) Price and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
3.3 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Forecasted Market Size by Region
3.3.1 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Region (2024-2034)
3.3.2 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Region (2024-2034)
3.3.3 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (Volume & Value), Price and Gross Margin (2024-2034)
4 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes by Application
4.1 Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Segment by Application
4.1.1 Fixation
4.1.2 Wound Dressing
4.1.3 Surgeries
4.1.4 Others
4.2 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size by Application
4.2.1 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size Overview by Application (2018-2034)
4.2.2 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Historic Market Size Review by Application (2018-2024)
4.2.3 Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Forecasted Market Size by Application (2024-2034)
4.3 Key Regions Market Size Segment by Application
4.3.1 North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Breakdown by Application (2018-2024)
4.3.2 Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Breakdown by Application (2018-2024)
4.3.3 Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Breakdown by Application (2018-2024)
4.3.4 Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Breakdown by Application (2018-2024)
4.3.5 Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Breakdown by Application (2018-2024)
5 North America Medical Adhesive Tapes by Country
5.1 North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Historic Market Size by Country
5.1.1 North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
5.1.2 North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Country (2018-2024)
5.1.3 North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Country (2018-2024)
5.2 North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Forecasted Market Size by Country
5.2.1 North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Country (2024-2034)
5.2.2 North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Country (2024-2034)
6 Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes by Country
6.1 Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Historic Market Size by Country
6.1.1 Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
6.1.2 Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Country (2018-2024)
6.1.3 Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Country (2018-2024)
6.2 Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Forecasted Market Size by Country
6.2.1 Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Country (2024-2034)
6.2.2 Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Country (2024-2034)
7 Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes by Region
7.1 Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Historic Market Size by Region
7.1.1 Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
7.1.2 Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Region (2018-2024)
7.1.3 Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Region (2018-2024)
7.2 Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Forecasted Market Size by Region
7.2.1 Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Region (2024-2034)
7.2.2 Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Region (2024-2034)
8 Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes by Country
8.1 Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Historic Market Size by Country
8.1.1 Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
8.1.2 Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Country (2018-2024)
8.1.3 Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Country (2018-2024)
8.2 Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Forecasted Market Size by Country
8.2.1 Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Country (2024-2034)
8.2.2 Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Country (2024-2034)
9 Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes by Country
9.1 Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Historic Market Size by Country
9.1.1 Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
9.1.2 Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Country (2018-2024)
9.1.3 Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Country (2018-2024)
9.2 Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Forecasted Market Size by Country
9.2.1 Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Volume by Country (2024-2034)
9.2.2 Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in Value by Country (2024-2034)
10 Company Profiles
10.1 3M
10.1.1 3M Company Information
10.1.2 3M Introduction and Business Overview
10.1.3 3M Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.1.4 3M Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.1.5 3M Recent Development
10.2 Johnson & Johnson
10.2.1 Johnson & Johnson Company Information
10.2.2 Johnson & Johnson Introduction and Business Overview
10.2.3 Johnson & Johnson Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.2.4 Johnson & Johnson Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.2.5 Johnson & Johnson Recent Development
10.3 Smith & Nephew
10.3.1 Smith & Nephew Company Information
10.3.2 Smith & Nephew Introduction and Business Overview
10.3.3 Smith & Nephew Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.3.4 Smith & Nephew Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.3.5 Smith & Nephew Recent Development
10.4 Medtronic
10.4.1 Medtronic Company Information
10.4.2 Medtronic Introduction and Business Overview
10.4.3 Medtronic Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.4.4 Medtronic Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.4.5 Medtronic Recent Development
10.5 Nitto Medical
10.5.1 Nitto Medical Company Information
10.5.2 Nitto Medical Introduction and Business Overview
10.5.3 Nitto Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.5.4 Nitto Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.5.5 Nitto Medical Recent Development
10.6 Cardinal Health
10.6.1 Cardinal Health Company Information
10.6.2 Cardinal Health Introduction and Business Overview
10.6.3 Cardinal Health Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.6.4 Cardinal Health Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.6.5 Cardinal Health Recent Development
10.7 Henkel
10.7.1 Henkel Company Information
10.7.2 Henkel Introduction and Business Overview
10.7.3 Henkel Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.7.4 Henkel Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.7.5 Henkel Recent Development
10.8 Beiersdorf
10.8.1 Beiersdorf Company Information
10.8.2 Beiersdorf Introduction and Business Overview
10.8.3 Beiersdorf Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.8.4 Beiersdorf Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.8.5 Beiersdorf Recent Development
10.9 Udaipur Surgicals
10.9.1 Udaipur Surgicals Company Information
10.9.2 Udaipur Surgicals Introduction and Business Overview
10.9.3 Udaipur Surgicals Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.9.4 Udaipur Surgicals Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.9.5 Udaipur Surgicals Recent Development
10.10 Medline Medical
10.10.1 Medline Medical Company Information
10.10.2 Medline Medical Introduction and Business Overview
10.10.3 Medline Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.10.4 Medline Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.10.5 Medline Medical Recent Development
10.11 Hartmann
10.11.1 Hartmann Company Information
10.11.2 Hartmann Introduction and Business Overview
10.11.3 Hartmann Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.11.4 Hartmann Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.11.5 Hartmann Recent Development
10.12 Molnlycke
10.12.1 Molnlycke Company Information
10.12.2 Molnlycke Introduction and Business Overview
10.12.3 Molnlycke Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.12.4 Molnlycke Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.12.5 Molnlycke Recent Development
10.13 BSN
10.13.1 BSN Company Information
10.13.2 BSN Introduction and Business Overview
10.13.3 BSN Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.13.4 BSN Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.13.5 BSN Recent Development
10.14 DYNAREX
10.14.1 DYNAREX Company Information
10.14.2 DYNAREX Introduction and Business Overview
10.14.3 DYNAREX Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.14.4 DYNAREX Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.14.5 DYNAREX Recent Development
10.15 McKesson
10.15.1 McKesson Company Information
10.15.2 McKesson Introduction and Business Overview
10.15.3 McKesson Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.15.4 McKesson Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.15.5 McKesson Recent Development
10.16 DUKAL
10.16.1 DUKAL Company Information
10.16.2 DUKAL Introduction and Business Overview
10.16.3 DUKAL Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.16.4 DUKAL Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.16.5 DUKAL Recent Development
10.17 Winner Medical
10.17.1 Winner Medical Company Information
10.17.2 Winner Medical Introduction and Business Overview
10.17.3 Winner Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.17.4 Winner Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.17.5 Winner Medical Recent Development
10.18 PiaoAn Group
10.18.1 PiaoAn Group Company Information
10.18.2 PiaoAn Group Introduction and Business Overview
10.18.3 PiaoAn Group Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.18.4 PiaoAn Group Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.18.5 PiaoAn Group Recent Development
10.19 HaiNuo
10.19.1 HaiNuo Company Information
10.19.2 HaiNuo Introduction and Business Overview
10.19.3 HaiNuo Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.19.4 HaiNuo Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.19.5 HaiNuo Recent Development
10.20 3L Medical
10.20.1 3L Medical Company Information
10.20.2 3L Medical Introduction and Business Overview
10.20.3 3L Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.20.4 3L Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.20.5 3L Medical Recent Development
10.21 Nanfang Medical
10.21.1 Nanfang Medical Company Information
10.21.2 Nanfang Medical Introduction and Business Overview
10.21.3 Nanfang Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.21.4 Nanfang Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.21.5 Nanfang Medical Recent Development
10.22 Qiaopai Medical
10.22.1 Qiaopai Medical Company Information
10.22.2 Qiaopai Medical Introduction and Business Overview
10.22.3 Qiaopai Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.22.4 Qiaopai Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.22.5 Qiaopai Medical Recent Development
10.23 Huazhou PSA
10.23.1 Huazhou PSA Company Information
10.23.2 Huazhou PSA Introduction and Business Overview
10.23.3 Huazhou PSA Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.23.4 Huazhou PSA Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.23.5 Huazhou PSA Recent Development
10.24 Longer
10.24.1 Longer Company Information
10.24.2 Longer Introduction and Business Overview
10.24.3 Longer Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.24.4 Longer Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.24.5 Longer Recent Development
10.25 Shandong Cheerain Medical
10.25.1 Shandong Cheerain Medical Company Information
10.25.2 Shandong Cheerain Medical Introduction and Business Overview
10.25.3 Shandong Cheerain Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
10.25.4 Shandong Cheerain Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Products Offered
10.25.5 Shandong Cheerain Medical Recent Development
11 Upstream, Opportunities, Challenges, Risks and Influences Factors Analysis
11.1 Medical Adhesive Tapes Key Raw Materials
11.1.1 Key Raw Materials
11.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price
11.1.3 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
11.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure
11.2.1 Raw Materials
11.2.2 Labor Cost
11.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
11.3 Medical Adhesive Tapes Industrial Chain Analysis
11.4 Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Dynamics
11.4.1 Medical Adhesive Tapes Industry Trends
11.4.2 Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Drivers
11.4.3 Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Challenges
11.4.4 Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Restraints
12 Market Strategy Analysis, Distributors
12.1 Sales Channel
12.2 Medical Adhesive Tapes Distributors
12.3 Medical Adhesive Tapes Downstream Customers
13 Research Findings and Conclusion
14 Appendix
14.1 Research Methodology
14.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
14.1.2 Data Source
14.2 Author Details
14.3 Disclaimer

List of Figure

List of Tables
Table 1. Major Company of Medical Breathable Non-woven Tape
Table 2. Major Company of Medical Breathable PE Tape
Table 3. Major Company of Medical Rayon Tape
Table 4. Major Company of Easy-tear Non-woven Cloth Tape
Table 5. Major Company of Zinc Oxide Adhesive Cloth Tape
Table 6. Major Company of Waterproof Zinc Oxide Adhesive Cloth Tape
Table 7. Major Company of Others
Table 8. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034 (US$ Million)
Table 9. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type (2018-2024) & (M Sqm)
Table 10. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Type (2018-2024)
Table 11. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type (2018-2024) & (US& Million)
Table 12. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Share in Value by Type (2018-2024)
Table 13. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Price by Type (2018-2024) & (USD/K Sqm)
Table 14. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type (2024-2034) & (M Sqm)
Table 15. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Type (2024-2034)
Table 16. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 17. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Type (2024-2034)
Table 18. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Price by Type (2024-2034) & (USD/K Sqm)
Table 19. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type (2018-2024) & (M Sqm)
Table 20. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 21. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm) by Type (2018-2024)
Table 22. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 23. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm) by Type (2018-2024)
Table 24. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 25. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm) by Type (2018-2024)
Table 26. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 27. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm) by Type (2018-2024)
Table 28. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 29. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Company (2018-2024) & (M Sqm)
Table 30. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Share by Company (2018-2024)
Table 31. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Revenue by Company (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 32. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Revenue Share by Company (2018-2024)
Table 33. Global Market Medical Adhesive Tapes Price by Company (2018-2024) & (USD/K Sqm)
Table 34. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Top Manufacturers Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table 35. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 36. Global Top Manufacturers Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Medical Adhesive Tapes as of 2022)
Table 37. Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Medical Adhesive Tapes Market
Table 38. Key Manufacturers Medical Adhesive Tapes Product Type
Table 39. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 40. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size Comparison by Region (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
Table 41. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Region (2018-2024) & (M Sqm)
Table 42. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Region (2018-2024)
Table 43. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Region (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 44. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Region (2018-2024)
Table 45. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 46. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Region (2024-2034) & (M Sqm)
Table 47. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Region (2024-2034)
Table 48. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Region (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 49. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Region (2024-2034)
Table 50. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2024-2034)
Table 51. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034 (US$ Million)
Table 52. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) & (M Sqm)
Table 53. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Application (2018-2024)
Table 54. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 55. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Application (2018-2024)
Table 56. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Price by Application (2018-2024) & (USD/K Sqm)
Table 57. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2024-2034) & (M Sqm)
Table 58. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Application (2024-2034)
Table 59. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 60. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Application (2024-2034)
Table 61. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Price by Application (2024-2034) & (USD/K Sqm)
Table 62. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) (M Sqm)
Table 63. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 64. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) (M Sqm)
Table 65. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 66. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) (M Sqm)
Table 67. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 68. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) (M Sqm)
Table 69. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 70. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) (M Sqm)
Table 71. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 72. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (M Sqm)
Table 73. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Country (2018-2024)
Table 74. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 75. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Country (2018-2024)
Table 76. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (M Sqm)
Table 77. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Country (2024-2034)
Table 78. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 79. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Country (2024-2034)
Table 80. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (M Sqm)
Table 81. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Country (2018-2024)
Table 82. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 83. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Country (2018-2024)
Table 84. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (M Sqm)
Table 85. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Country (2024-2034)
Table 86. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 87. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Country (2024-2034)
Table 88. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Region (2018-2024) & (M Sqm)
Table 89. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Region (2018-2024)
Table 90. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Region (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 91. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Region (2018-2024)
Table 92. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Region (2024-2034) & (M Sqm)
Table 93. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Region (2024-2034)
Table 94. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Region (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 95. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Region (2024-2034)
Table 96. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (M Sqm)
Table 97. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Country (2018-2024)
Table 98. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 99. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Country (2018-2024)
Table 100. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (M Sqm)
Table 101. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Country (2024-2034)
Table 102. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 103. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Country (2024-2034)
Table 104. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (M Sqm)
Table 105. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Country (2018-2024)
Table 106. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 107. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Country (2018-2024)
Table 108. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (M Sqm)
Table 109. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Country (2024-2034)
Table 110. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 111. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Country (2024-2034)
Table 112. 3M Company Information
Table 113. 3M Introduction and Business Overview
Table 114. 3M Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 115. 3M Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 116. 3M Recent Development
Table 117. Johnson & Johnson Company Information
Table 118. Johnson & Johnson Introduction and Business Overview
Table 119. Johnson & Johnson Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 120. Johnson & Johnson Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 121. Johnson & Johnson Recent Development
Table 122. Smith & Nephew Company Information
Table 123. Smith & Nephew Introduction and Business Overview
Table 124. Smith & Nephew Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 125. Smith & Nephew Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 126. Smith & Nephew Recent Development
Table 127. Medtronic Company Information
Table 128. Medtronic Introduction and Business Overview
Table 129. Medtronic Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 130. Medtronic Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 131. Medtronic Recent Development
Table 132. Nitto Medical Company Information
Table 133. Nitto Medical Introduction and Business Overview
Table 134. Nitto Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 135. Nitto Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 136. Nitto Medical Recent Development
Table 137. Cardinal Health Company Information
Table 138. Cardinal Health Introduction and Business Overview
Table 139. Cardinal Health Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 140. Cardinal Health Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 141. Cardinal Health Recent Development
Table 142. Henkel Company Information
Table 143. Henkel Introduction and Business Overview
Table 144. Henkel Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 145. Henkel Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 146. Henkel Recent Development
Table 147. Beiersdorf Company Information
Table 148. Beiersdorf Introduction and Business Overview
Table 149. Beiersdorf Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 150. Beiersdorf Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 151. Beiersdorf Recent Development
Table 152. Udaipur Surgicals Company Information
Table 153. Udaipur Surgicals Introduction and Business Overview
Table 154. Udaipur Surgicals Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 155. Udaipur Surgicals Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 156. Udaipur Surgicals Recent Development
Table 157. Medline Medical Company Information
Table 158. Medline Medical Introduction and Business Overview
Table 159. Medline Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 160. Medline Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 161. Medline Medical Recent Development
Table 162. Hartmann Company Information
Table 163. Hartmann Introduction and Business Overview
Table 164. Hartmann Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 165. Hartmann Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 166. Hartmann Recent Development
Table 167. Molnlycke Company Information
Table 168. Molnlycke Introduction and Business Overview
Table 169. Molnlycke Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 170. Molnlycke Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 171. Molnlycke Recent Development
Table 172. BSN Company Information
Table 173. BSN Introduction and Business Overview
Table 174. BSN Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 175. BSN Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 176. BSN Recent Development
Table 177. DYNAREX Company Information
Table 178. DYNAREX Introduction and Business Overview
Table 179. DYNAREX Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 180. DYNAREX Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 181. DYNAREX Recent Development
Table 182. McKesson Company Information
Table 183. McKesson Introduction and Business Overview
Table 184. McKesson Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 185. McKesson Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 186. McKesson Recent Development
Table 187. DUKAL Company Information
Table 188. DUKAL Introduction and Business Overview
Table 189. DUKAL Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 190. DUKAL Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 191. DUKAL Recent Development
Table 192. Winner Medical Company Information
Table 193. Winner Medical Introduction and Business Overview
Table 194. Winner Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 195. Winner Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 196. Winner Medical Recent Development
Table 197. PiaoAn Group Company Information
Table 198. PiaoAn Group Introduction and Business Overview
Table 199. PiaoAn Group Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 200. PiaoAn Group Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 201. PiaoAn Group Recent Development
Table 202. HaiNuo Company Information
Table 203. HaiNuo Introduction and Business Overview
Table 204. HaiNuo Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 205. HaiNuo Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 206. HaiNuo Recent Development
Table 207. 3L Medical Company Information
Table 208. 3L Medical Introduction and Business Overview
Table 209. 3L Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 210. 3L Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 211. 3L Medical Recent Development
Table 212. Nanfang Medical Company Information
Table 213. Nanfang Medical Introduction and Business Overview
Table 214. Nanfang Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 215. Nanfang Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 216. Nanfang Medical Recent Development
Table 217. Qiaopai Medical Company Information
Table 218. Qiaopai Medical Introduction and Business Overview
Table 219. Qiaopai Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 220. Qiaopai Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 221. Qiaopai Medical Recent Development
Table 222. Huazhou PSA Company Information
Table 223. Huazhou PSA Introduction and Business Overview
Table 224. Huazhou PSA Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 225. Huazhou PSA Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 226. Huazhou PSA Recent Development
Table 227. Longer Company Information
Table 228. Longer Introduction and Business Overview
Table 229. Longer Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 230. Longer Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 231. Longer Recent Development
Table 232. Shandong Cheerain Medical Introduction and Business Overview
Table 233. Shandong Cheerain Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales (M Sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/K Sqm) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 234. Shandong Cheerain Medical Medical Adhesive Tapes Product
Table 235. Shandong Cheerain Medical Recent Development
Table 236. Shandong Cheerain Medical Company Information
Table 237. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 238. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 239. Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Trends
Table 240. Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Drivers
Table 241. Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Challenges
Table 242. Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Restraints
Table 243. Medical Adhesive Tapes Distributors List
Table 244. Medical Adhesive Tapes Downstream Customers
Table 245. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 246. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 247. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Medical Adhesive Tapes Product Picture
Figure 2. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size, 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034 (US$ Million)
Figure 3. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Size Status and Outlook (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 4. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Status and Outlook (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 5. Product Picture of Medical Breathable Non-woven Tape
Figure 6. Global Medical Breathable Non-woven Tape Sales YoY Growth (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 7. Product Picture of Medical Breathable PE Tape
Figure 8. Global Medical Breathable PE Tape Sales YoY Growth (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 9. Product Picture of Medical Rayon Tape
Figure 10. Global Medical Rayon Tape Sales YoY Growth (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 11. Product Picture of Easy-tear Non-woven Cloth Tape
Figure 12. Global Easy-tear Non-woven Cloth Tape Sales YoY Growth (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 13. Product Picture of Zinc Oxide Adhesive Cloth Tape
Figure 14. Global Zinc Oxide Adhesive Cloth Tape Sales YoY Growth (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 15. Product Picture of Waterproof Zinc Oxide Adhesive Cloth Tape
Figure 16. Global Waterproof Zinc Oxide Adhesive Cloth Tape Sales YoY Growth (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 17. Product Picture of Others
Figure 18. Global Others Sales YoY Growth (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 19. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Type (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 20. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share by Type in 2022 & 2034
Figure 21. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Type in 2022
Figure 22. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Type in 2022
Figure 23. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Type in 2022
Figure 24. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Type in 2022
Figure 25. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Type in 2022
Figure 26. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Type in 2022
Figure 27. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Type in 2022
Figure 28. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Type in 2022
Figure 29. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Type in 2022
Figure 30. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Type in 2022
Figure 31. The 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers in the World: Market Share by Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales in 2022
Figure 32. The 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers in the World: Market Share by Medical Adhesive Tapes Revenue in 2022
Figure 33. Medical Adhesive Tapes Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2018 VS 2022
Figure 34. Product Picture of Fixation
Figure 35. Global Fixation Sales YoY Growth (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 36. Product Picture of Wound Dressing
Figure 37. Global Wound Dressing Sales YoY Growth (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 38. Product Picture of Surgeries
Figure 39. Global Surgeries Sales YoY Growth (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 40. Product Picture of Others
Figure 41. Global Others Sales YoY Growth (2018-2034) & (M Sqm)
Figure 42. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales by Application (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 43. Global Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share by Application in 2022 & 2034
Figure 44. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Application in 2022
Figure 45. North America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Application in 2022
Figure 46. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Application in 2022
Figure 47. Europe Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Application in 2022
Figure 48. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Application in 2022
Figure 49. Asia-Pacific Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Application in 2022
Figure 50. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Volume by Application in 2022
Figure 51. Latin America Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Application in 2022
Figure 52. Middle East and Africa Medical Adhesive Tapes Sales Market Share in Value by Application in 2022
Figure 53. Key Raw Materials Price
Figure 54. Medical Adhesive Tapes Manufacturing Cost Structure
Figure 55. Medical Adhesive Tapes Industrial Chain Analysis
Figure 56. Channels of Distribution
Figure 57. Distributors Profiles
Figure 58. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 59. Data Triangulation
Figure 60. Key Executives Interviewed