Table of Content

1 Antipsychotics Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Antipsychotics
1.2 Antipsychotics Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Antipsychotics Market Value Comparison by Type (2024-2034)
1.2.2 First Generation
1.2.3 Second Generation
1.2.4 Third Generation
1.3 Antipsychotics Segment by Application
1.3.1 Global Antipsychotics Market Value by Application: (2024-2034)
1.3.2 Schizophrenia
1.3.3 Bipolar Disorder
1.3.4 Unipolar Depression
1.3.5 Dementia
1.3.6 Others
1.4 Global Antipsychotics Market Size Estimates and Forecasts
1.4.1 Global Antipsychotics Revenue 2018-2034
1.4.2 Global Antipsychotics Sales 2018-2034
1.4.3 Global Antipsychotics Market Average Price (2018-2034)
1.5 Assumptions and Limitations
2 Antipsychotics Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2018-2024)
2.2 Global Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2018-2024)
2.3 Global Antipsychotics Average Price by Manufacturers (2018-2024)
2.4 Global Antipsychotics Industry Ranking 2021 VS 2022 VS 2024
2.5 Global Key Manufacturers of Antipsychotics, Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
2.6 Global Key Manufacturers of Antipsychotics, Product Type & Application
2.7 Antipsychotics Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.7.1 Antipsychotics Market Concentration Rate
2.7.2 The Global Top 5 and Top 10 Largest Antipsychotics Players Market Share by Revenue
2.7.3 Global Antipsychotics Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
2.8 Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
3 Antipsychotics Retrospective Market Scenario by Region
3.1 Global Antipsychotics Market Size by Region: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2034
3.2 Global Antipsychotics Global Antipsychotics Sales by Region: 2018-2034
3.2.1 Global Antipsychotics Sales by Region: 2018-2024
3.2.2 Global Antipsychotics Sales by Region: 2024-2034
3.3 Global Antipsychotics Global Antipsychotics Revenue by Region: 2018-2034
3.3.1 Global Antipsychotics Revenue by Region: 2018-2024
3.3.2 Global Antipsychotics Revenue by Region: 2024-2034
3.4 North America Antipsychotics Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.4.1 North America Antipsychotics Market Size by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
3.4.2 North America Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2018-2034)
3.4.3 North America Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2018-2034)
3.4.4 U.S.
3.4.5 Canada
3.5 Europe Antipsychotics Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.5.1 Europe Antipsychotics Market Size by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
3.5.2 Europe Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2018-2034)
3.5.3 Europe Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2018-2034)
3.5.4 Germany
3.5.5 France
3.5.6 U.K.
3.5.7 Italy
3.5.8 Russia
3.6 Asia Pacific Antipsychotics Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.6.1 Asia Pacific Antipsychotics Market Size by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
3.6.2 Asia Pacific Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2018-2034)
3.6.3 Asia Pacific Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2018-2034)
3.6.4 China
3.6.5 Japan
3.6.6 South Korea
3.6.7 India
3.6.8 Australia
3.6.9 Taiwan
3.6.10 Indonesia
3.6.11 Thailand
3.6.12 Malaysia
3.6.13 Philippines
3.7 Latin America Antipsychotics Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.7.1 Latin America Antipsychotics Market Size by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
3.7.2 Latin America Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2018-2034)
3.7.3 Latin America Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2018-2034)
3.7.4 Mexico
3.7.5 Brazil
3.7.6 Argentina
3.8 Middle East and Africa Antipsychotics Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.8.1 Middle East and Africa Antipsychotics Market Size by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
3.8.2 Middle East and Africa Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2018-2034)
3.8.3 Middle East and Africa Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2018-2034)
3.8.4 Turkey
3.8.5 Saudi Arabia
3.8.6 U.A.E
4 Segment by Type
4.1 Global Antipsychotics Sales by Type (2018-2034)
4.1.1 Global Antipsychotics Sales by Type (2018-2024)
4.1.2 Global Antipsychotics Sales by Type (2024-2034)
4.1.3 Global Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2034)
4.2 Global Antipsychotics Revenue by Type (2018-2034)
4.2.1 Global Antipsychotics Revenue by Type (2018-2024)
4.2.2 Global Antipsychotics Revenue by Type (2024-2034)
4.2.3 Global Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2034)
4.3 Global Antipsychotics Price by Type (2018-2034)
5 Segment by Application
5.1 Global Antipsychotics Sales by Application (2018-2034)
5.1.1 Global Antipsychotics Sales by Application (2018-2024)
5.1.2 Global Antipsychotics Sales by Application (2024-2034)
5.1.3 Global Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2034)
5.2 Global Antipsychotics Revenue by Application (2018-2034)
5.2.1 Global Antipsychotics Revenue by Application (2018-2024)
5.2.2 Global Antipsychotics Revenue by Application (2024-2034)
5.2.3 Global Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2034)
5.3 Global Antipsychotics Price by Application (2018-2034)
6 Key Companies Profiled
6.1 Johnson & Johnson
6.1.1 Johnson & Johnson Corporation Information
6.1.2 Johnson & Johnson Description and Business Overview
6.1.3 Johnson & Johnson Antipsychotics Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
6.1.4 Johnson & Johnson Antipsychotics Product Portfolio
6.1.5 Johnson & Johnson Recent Developments/Updates
6.2 Pfizer
6.2.1 Pfizer Corporation Information
6.2.2 Pfizer Description and Business Overview
6.2.3 Pfizer Antipsychotics Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
6.2.4 Pfizer Antipsychotics Product Portfolio
6.2.5 Pfizer Recent Developments/Updates
6.3 Eli Lilly & Co
6.3.1 Eli Lilly & Co Corporation Information
6.3.2 Eli Lilly & Co Description and Business Overview
6.3.3 Eli Lilly & Co Antipsychotics Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
6.3.4 Eli Lilly & Co Antipsychotics Product Portfolio
6.3.5 Eli Lilly & Co Recent Developments/Updates
6.4 Bristol-Myers Squibb
6.4.1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Corporation Information
6.4.2 Bristol-Myers Squibb Description and Business Overview
6.4.3 Bristol-Myers Squibb Antipsychotics Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
6.4.4 Bristol-Myers Squibb Antipsychotics Product Portfolio
6.4.5 Bristol-Myers Squibb Recent Developments/Updates
6.5 AstraZeneca
6.5.1 AstraZeneca Corporation Information
6.5.2 AstraZeneca Description and Business Overview
6.5.3 AstraZeneca Antipsychotics Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
6.5.4 AstraZeneca Antipsychotics Product Portfolio
6.5.5 AstraZeneca Recent Developments/Updates
6.6 Glaxo SmithKline
6.6.1 Glaxo SmithKline Corporation Information
6.6.2 Glaxo SmithKline Description and Business Overview
6.6.3 Glaxo SmithKline Antipsychotics Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
6.6.4 Glaxo SmithKline Antipsychotics Product Portfolio
6.6.5 Glaxo SmithKline Recent Developments/Updates
6.7 Allergan
6.6.1 Allergan Corporation Information
6.6.2 Allergan Description and Business Overview
6.6.3 Allergan Antipsychotics Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
6.4.4 Allergan Antipsychotics Product Portfolio
6.7.5 Allergan Recent Developments/Updates
7 Industry Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
7.1 Antipsychotics Industry Chain Analysis
7.2 Antipsychotics Key Raw Materials
7.2.1 Key Raw Materials
7.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
7.3 Antipsychotics Production Mode & Process
7.4 Antipsychotics Sales and Marketing
7.4.1 Antipsychotics Sales Channels
7.4.2 Antipsychotics Distributors
7.5 Antipsychotics Customers
8 Antipsychotics Market Dynamics
8.1 Antipsychotics Industry Trends
8.2 Antipsychotics Market Drivers
8.3 Antipsychotics Market Challenges
8.4 Antipsychotics Market Restraints
9 Research Finding and Conclusion
10 Methodology and Data Source
10.1 Methodology/Research Approach
10.1.1 Research Programs/Design
10.1.2 Market Size Estimation
10.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
10.2 Data Source
10.2.1 Secondary Sources
10.2.2 Primary Sources
10.3 Author List
10.4 Disclaimer

List of Figure

List of Tables
Table 1. Global Antipsychotics Market Value Comparison by Type (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 2. Global Antipsychotics Market Value Comparison by Application (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 3. Global Antipsychotics Market Competitive Situation by Manufacturers in 2022
Table 4. Global Antipsychotics Sales (K MT) of Key Manufacturers (2018-2024)
Table 5. Global Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2018-2024)
Table 6. Global Antipsychotics Revenue (US$ Million) by Manufacturers (2018-2024)
Table 7. Global Antipsychotics Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2018-2024)
Table 8. Global Market Antipsychotics Average Price (USD/MT) of Key Manufacturers (2018-2024)
Table 9. Global Key Players of Antipsychotics, Industry Ranking, 2021 VS 2022 VS 2024
Table 10. Global Key Manufacturers of Antipsychotics, Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
Table 11. Global Key Manufacturers of Antipsychotics, Product Type & Application
Table 12. Global Key Manufacturers of Antipsychotics, Date of Enter into This Industry
Table 13. Global Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 14. Global Antipsychotics by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Antipsychotics as of 2022)
Table 15. Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 16. Global Antipsychotics Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
Table 17. Global Antipsychotics Sales by Region (2018-2024) & (K MT)
Table 18. Global Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Region (2018-2024)
Table 19. Global Antipsychotics Sales by Region (2024-2034) & (K MT)
Table 20. Global Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Region (2024-2034)
Table 21. Global Antipsychotics Revenue by Region (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 22. Global Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Region (2018-2024)
Table 23. Global Antipsychotics Revenue by Region (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 24. Global Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Region (2024-2034)
Table 25. North America Antipsychotics Revenue by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034 (US$ Million)
Table 26. North America Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (K MT)
Table 27. North America Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (K MT)
Table 28. North America Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 29. North America Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 30. Europe Antipsychotics Revenue by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034 (US$ Million)
Table 31. Europe Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (K MT)
Table 32. Europe Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (K MT)
Table 33. Europe Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 34. Europe Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 35. Asia Pacific Antipsychotics Revenue by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034 (US$ Million)
Table 36. Asia Pacific Antipsychotics Sales by Region (2018-2024) & (K MT)
Table 37. Asia Pacific Antipsychotics Sales by Region (2024-2034) & (K MT)
Table 38. Asia Pacific Antipsychotics Revenue by Region (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 39. Asia Pacific Antipsychotics Revenue by Region (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 40. Latin America Antipsychotics Revenue by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034 (US$ Million)
Table 41. Latin America Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (K MT)
Table 42. Latin America Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (K MT)
Table 43. Latin America Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 44. Latin America Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 45. Middle East & Africa Antipsychotics Revenue by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034 (US$ Million)
Table 46. Middle East & Africa Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2018-2024) & (K MT)
Table 47. Middle East & Africa Antipsychotics Sales by Country (2024-2034) & (K MT)
Table 48. Middle East & Africa Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2018-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 49. Middle East & Africa Antipsychotics Revenue by Country (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Table 50. Global Antipsychotics Sales (K MT) by Type (2018-2024)
Table 51. Global Antipsychotics Sales (K MT) by Type (2024-2034)
Table 52. Global Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2024)
Table 53. Global Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Type (2024-2034)
Table 54. Global Antipsychotics Revenue (US$ Million) by Type (2018-2024)
Table 55. Global Antipsychotics Revenue (US$ Million) by Type (2024-2034)
Table 56. Global Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2024)
Table 57. Global Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Type (2024-2034)
Table 58. Global Antipsychotics Price (USD/MT) by Type (2018-2024)
Table 59. Global Antipsychotics Price (USD/MT) by Type (2024-2034)
Table 60. Global Antipsychotics Sales (K MT) by Application (2018-2024)
Table 61. Global Antipsychotics Sales (K MT) by Application (2024-2034)
Table 62. Global Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2024)
Table 63. Global Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Application (2024-2034)
Table 64. Global Antipsychotics Revenue (US$ Million) by Application (2018-2024)
Table 65. Global Antipsychotics Revenue (US$ Million) by Application (2024-2034)
Table 66. Global Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2024)
Table 67. Global Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Application (2024-2034)
Table 68. Global Antipsychotics Price (USD/MT) by Application (2018-2024)
Table 69. Global Antipsychotics Price (USD/MT) by Application (2024-2034)
Table 70. Johnson & Johnson Corporation Information
Table 71. Johnson & Johnson Description and Business Overview
Table 72. Johnson & Johnson Antipsychotics Sales (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 73. Johnson & Johnson Antipsychotics Product
Table 74. Johnson & Johnson Recent Developments/Updates
Table 75. Pfizer Corporation Information
Table 76. Pfizer Description and Business Overview
Table 77. Pfizer Antipsychotics Sales (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 78. Pfizer Antipsychotics Product
Table 79. Pfizer Recent Developments/Updates
Table 80. Eli Lilly & Co Corporation Information
Table 81. Eli Lilly & Co Description and Business Overview
Table 82. Eli Lilly & Co Antipsychotics Sales (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 83. Eli Lilly & Co Antipsychotics Product
Table 84. Eli Lilly & Co Recent Developments/Updates
Table 85. Bristol-Myers Squibb Corporation Information
Table 86. Bristol-Myers Squibb Description and Business Overview
Table 87. Bristol-Myers Squibb Antipsychotics Sales (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 88. Bristol-Myers Squibb Antipsychotics Product
Table 89. Bristol-Myers Squibb Recent Developments/Updates
Table 90. AstraZeneca Corporation Information
Table 91. AstraZeneca Description and Business Overview
Table 92. AstraZeneca Antipsychotics Sales (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 93. AstraZeneca Antipsychotics Product
Table 94. AstraZeneca Recent Developments/Updates
Table 95. Glaxo SmithKline Corporation Information
Table 96. Glaxo SmithKline Description and Business Overview
Table 97. Glaxo SmithKline Antipsychotics Sales (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 98. Glaxo SmithKline Antipsychotics Product
Table 99. Glaxo SmithKline Recent Developments/Updates
Table 100. Allergan Corporation Information
Table 101. Allergan Description and Business Overview
Table 102. Allergan Antipsychotics Sales (K MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2018-2024)
Table 103. Allergan Antipsychotics Product
Table 104. Allergan Recent Developments/Updates
Table 105. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 106. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 107. Antipsychotics Distributors List
Table 108. Antipsychotics Customers List
Table 109. Antipsychotics Market Trends
Table 110. Antipsychotics Market Drivers
Table 111. Antipsychotics Market Challenges
Table 112. Antipsychotics Market Restraints
Table 113. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 114. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 115. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Antipsychotics
Figure 2. Global Antipsychotics Market Value Comparison by Type (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 3. Global Antipsychotics Market Share by Type in 2022 & 2034
Figure 4. First Generation Product Picture
Figure 5. Second Generation Product Picture
Figure 6. Third Generation Product Picture
Figure 7. Global Antipsychotics Market Value Comparison by Application (2024-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 8. Global Antipsychotics Market Share by Application in 2022 & 2034
Figure 9. Schizophrenia
Figure 10. Bipolar Disorder
Figure 11. Unipolar Depression
Figure 12. Dementia
Figure 13. Others
Figure 14. Global Antipsychotics Revenue, (US$ Million), 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
Figure 15. Global Antipsychotics Market Size (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 16. Global Antipsychotics Sales (2018-2034) & (K MT)
Figure 17. Global Antipsychotics Average Price (USD/MT) & (2018-2034)
Figure 18. Antipsychotics Report Years Considered
Figure 19. Antipsychotics Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2022
Figure 20. Global Antipsychotics Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2022
Figure 21. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Antipsychotics Players: Market Share by Revenue in 2022
Figure 22. Antipsychotics Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2018 VS 2022
Figure 23. Global Antipsychotics Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2022 VS 2034
Figure 24. North America Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Country (2018-2034)
Figure 25. North America Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Country (2018-2034)
Figure 26. U.S. Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 27. Canada Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 28. Europe Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Country (2018-2034)
Figure 29. Europe Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Country (2018-2034)
Figure 30. Germany Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 31. France Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 32. U.K. Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 33. Italy Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 34. Russia Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 35. Asia Pacific Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Region (2018-2034)
Figure 36. Asia Pacific Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Region (2018-2034)
Figure 37. China Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 38. Japan Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 39. South Korea Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 40. India Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 41. Australia Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 42. Taiwan Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 43. Indonesia Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 44. Thailand Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 45. Malaysia Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 46. Philippines Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 47. Latin America Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Country (2018-2034)
Figure 48. Latin America Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Country (2018-2034)
Figure 49. Mexico Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 50. Brazil Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 51. Argentina Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 52. Middle East & Africa Antipsychotics Sales Market Share by Country (2018-2034)
Figure 53. Middle East & Africa Antipsychotics Revenue Market Share by Country (2018-2034)
Figure 54. Turkey Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 55. Saudi Arabia Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 56. U.A.E Antipsychotics Revenue Growth Rate (2018-2034) & (US$ Million)
Figure 57. Global Sales Market Share of Antipsychotics by Type (2018-2034)
Figure 58. Global Revenue Market Share of Antipsychotics by Type (2018-2034)
Figure 59. Global Antipsychotics Price (USD/MT) by Type (2018-2034)
Figure 60. Global Sales Market Share of Antipsychotics by Application (2018-2034)
Figure 61. Global Revenue Market Share of Antipsychotics by Application (2018-2034)
Figure 62. Global Antipsychotics Price (USD/MT) by Application (2018-2034)
Figure 63. Antipsychotics Value Chain
Figure 64. Antipsychotics Production Process
Figure 65. Channels of Distribution (Direct Vs Distribution)
Figure 66. Distributors Profiles
Figure 67. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 68. Data Triangulation
Figure 69. Key Executives Interviewed