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Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Report, History and Forecast 2018-2034, Breakdown Data by Companies, Key Regions, Types and Application


Published on: 2024-01-04 | No of Pages : 400 | Industry : Latest Trends

Publisher : MRA | Format : PDF

Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Report, History and Forecast 2018-2034, Breakdown Data by Companies, Key Regions, Types and Application

Rabies monoclonal antibody (RMAb) is a type of antibody specifically targeted against the rabies virus, used for post-exposure prophylaxis.
Rabies Monoclonal Antibody report published by MRA Research reveals that COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War impacted the market dually in 2023. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody market is projected to reach US$ million in 2033, increasing from US$ million in 2023, with the CAGR of % during the period of 2023 to 2033. Demand from Adult and Children are the major drivers for the industry.
The market for rabies monoclonal antibody is driven by its applications in rabies post-exposure treatment as part of rabies immunization protocols. RMAb is used in combination with the rabies vaccine to provide passive immunity against the virus. As rabies prevention and treatment continue to be essential public health measures, the market for rabies monoclonal antibody is expected to continue.
Report Scope
This report, based on historical analysis (2018-2023) and forecast calculation (2023-2033), aims to help readers to get a comprehensive understanding of global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody market with multiple angles, which provides sufficient supports to readers’ strategy and decision making.
Companies, Type, Application and Regions Listed in the Report



By Company


Serum Institute of India
NCPC
Crucell
Zydus
Synermore Biologics
Segment by Type
Category II Exposure
Category III Exposure

Segment by Application


Adult
Children
By Region
North America
United States
Canada
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries

Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Australia

Latin America
Mexico
Brazil

Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Each chapter of the report provides detailed information for readers to understand the Rabies Monoclonal Antibody market further
Chapter 1Global and regional market size and CAGR for the history and forecast period (2018-2023, 2024-2033).
Chapter 2Product Types and Revenue analysis of Each Type in North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa from 2018 to 2023.
Chapter 3Product Application and Revenue analysis of Each Application in North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa from 2018 to 2023.
Chapter 4Company Competition Status, Detailed analysis of Product Name companies’ competitive landscape, revenue, market share and ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 5Companies’ Outline, covering company’s basic information, Rabies Monoclonal Antibody introduction, etc. Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue and Gross Margin of each company as well as Recent Development are also contained in this part.
Chapter 6 to 10Country Level analysis of North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa by revenue.
Chapter 11Market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by companies in the industry.
Chapter 12MRA Research’s Conclusions of Rabies Monoclonal Antibody market based on comprehensive survey.
Chapter 13Methodology and Data Sources adopted by MRA Research.

Table of Content

1 Market Overview of Rabies Monoclonal Antibody
1.1 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Overview
1.1.1 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Product Scope
1.1.2 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Status and Outlook
1.2 Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Overview by Region 2018 VS 2023 VS 2033
1.3 Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Region (2018-2033)
1.4 Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Historic Market Size by Region (2018-2023)
1.5 Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Forecast by Region (2024-2033)
1.6 Key Regions, Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033)
1.6.1 North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033)
1.6.2 Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033)
1.6.3 Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033)
1.6.4 Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033)
1.6.5 Middle East & Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033)
2 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market by Type
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Category II Exposure
2.1.2 Category III Exposure
2.2 Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Type: 2018 VS 2023 VS 2033
2.2.1 Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Historic Market Size by Type (2018-2023)
2.2.2 Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Forecasted Market Size by Type (2024-2033)
2.3 Key Regions Market Size by Type
2.3.1 North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Breakdown by Type (2018-2033)
2.3.2 Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Breakdown by Type (2018-2033)
2.3.3 Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Breakdown by Type (2018-2033)
2.3.4 Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Breakdown by Type (2018-2033)
2.3.5 Middle East and Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Breakdown by Type (2018-2033)
3 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Overview by Application
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Adult
3.1.2 Children
3.2 Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Application: 2018 VS 2023 VS 2033
3.2.1 Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Historic Market Size by Application (2018-2023)
3.2.2 Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Forecasted Market Size by Application (2024-2033)
3.3 Key Regions Market Size by Application
3.3.1 North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Breakdown by Application (2018-2033)
3.3.2 Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Breakdown by Application (2018-2033)
3.3.3 Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Breakdown by Application (2018-2033)
3.3.4 Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Breakdown by Application (2018-2033)
3.3.5 Middle East and Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Breakdown by Application (2018-2033)
4 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Competition Analysis by Players
4.1 Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Players (2018-2023)
4.2 Global Top Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Rabies Monoclonal Antibody as of 2023)
4.3 Date of Key Players Enter into Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market
4.4 Global Top Players Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Headquarters and Area Served
4.5 Key Players Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Product Solution and Service
4.6 Competitive Status
4.6.1 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Concentration Rate
4.6.2 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
5 Company (Top Players) Profiles
5.1 Serum Institute of India
5.1.1 Serum Institute of India Profile
5.1.2 Serum Institute of India Main Business
5.1.3 Serum Institute of India Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Products, Services and Solutions
5.1.4 Serum Institute of India Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue (US$ Million) & (2018-2023)
5.1.5 Serum Institute of India Recent Developments
5.2 NCPC
5.2.1 NCPC Profile
5.2.2 NCPC Main Business
5.2.3 NCPC Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Products, Services and Solutions
5.2.4 NCPC Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue (US$ Million) & (2018-2023)
5.2.5 NCPC Recent Developments
5.3 Crucell
5.3.1 Crucell Profile
5.3.2 Crucell Main Business
5.3.3 Crucell Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Products, Services and Solutions
5.3.4 Crucell Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue (US$ Million) & (2018-2023)
5.3.5 Zydus Recent Developments
5.4 Zydus
5.4.1 Zydus Profile
5.4.2 Zydus Main Business
5.4.3 Zydus Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Products, Services and Solutions
5.4.4 Zydus Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue (US$ Million) & (2018-2023)
5.4.5 Zydus Recent Developments
5.5 Synermore Biologics
5.5.1 Synermore Biologics Profile
5.5.2 Synermore Biologics Main Business
5.5.3 Synermore Biologics Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Products, Services and Solutions
5.5.4 Synermore Biologics Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue (US$ Million) & (2018-2023)
5.5.5 Synermore Biologics Recent Developments
6 North America
6.1 North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2018-2033)
6.2 United States
6.3 Canada
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2018-2033)
7.2 Germany
7.3 France
7.4 U.K.
7.5 Italy
7.6 Russia
7.7 Nordic Countries
7.8 Rest of Europe
8 Asia-Pacific
8.1 Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Region (2018-2033)
8.2 China
8.3 Japan
8.4 South Korea
8.5 Southeast Asia
8.6 India
8.7 Australia
8.8 Rest of Asia-Pacific
9 Latin America
9.1 Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2018-2033)
9.2 Mexico
9.3 Brazil
9.4 Rest of Latin America
10 Middle East & Africa
10.1 Middle East & Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2018-2033)
10.2 Turkey
10.3 Saudi Arabia
10.4 UAE
10.5 Rest of Middle East & Africa
11 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Dynamics
11.1 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Industry Trends
11.2 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Drivers
11.3 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Challenges
11.4 Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Restraints
12 Research Finding /Conclusion
13 Methodology and Data Source
13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
13.2.1 Secondary Sources
13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Disclaimer
13.4 Author List

List of Figure

List of Tables
Table 1. Global Market Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (US$ Million) Comparison by Region 2018 VS 2023 VS 2033
Table 2. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Region (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 3. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Share by Region (2018-2023)
Table 4. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Forecasted Market Size by Region (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 5. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Forecasted Market Size Share by Region (2024-2033)
Table 6. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (US$ Million) by Type: 2018 VS 2023 VS 2033
Table 7. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 8. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
Table 9. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Forecasted Market Size by Type (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 10. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Type (2024-2033)
Table 11. North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 12. North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Type (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 13. Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 14. Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Type (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 15. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 16. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Type (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 17. Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 18. Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Type (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 19. Middle East and Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 20. Middle East and Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Type (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 21. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (US$ Million) by Application: 2018 VS 2023 VS 2033
Table 22. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 23. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
Table 24. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Forecasted Market Size by Application (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 25. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Application (2024-2033)
Table 26. North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 27. North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Application (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 28. Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 29. Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Application (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 30. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 31. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Application (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 32. Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 33. Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Application (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 34. Middle East and Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Application (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 35. Middle East and Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue by Application (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 36. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue (US$ Million) by Players (2018-2023)
Table 37. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Players (2018-2023)
Table 38. Global Top Players Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Rabies Monoclonal Antibody as of 2023)
Table 39. Date of Key Players Enter into Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market
Table 40. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Key Players Headquarters and Area Served
Table 41. Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Product Solution and Service
Table 42. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Players Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 43. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 44. Serum Institute of India Basic Information List
Table 45. Serum Institute of India Description and Business Overview
Table 46. Serum Institute of India Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Products, Services and Solutions
Table 47. Revenue (US$ Million) in Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Business of Serum Institute of India (2018-2023)
Table 48. Serum Institute of India Recent Developments
Table 49. NCPC Basic Information List
Table 50. NCPC Description and Business Overview
Table 51. NCPC Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Products, Services and Solutions
Table 52. Revenue (US$ Million) in Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Business of NCPC (2018-2023)
Table 53. NCPC Recent Developments
Table 54. Crucell Basic Information List
Table 55. Crucell Description and Business Overview
Table 56. Crucell Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Products, Services and Solutions
Table 57. Revenue (US$ Million) in Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Business of Crucell (2018-2023)
Table 58. Crucell Recent Developments
Table 59. Zydus Basic Information List
Table 60. Zydus Description and Business Overview
Table 61. Zydus Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Products, Services and Solutions
Table 62. Revenue (US$ Million) in Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Business of Zydus (2018-2023)
Table 63. Zydus Recent Developments
Table 64. Synermore Biologics Basic Information List
Table 65. Synermore Biologics Description and Business Overview
Table 66. Synermore Biologics Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Products, Services and Solutions
Table 67. Revenue (US$ Million) in Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Business of Synermore Biologics (2018-2023)
Table 68. Synermore Biologics Recent Developments
Table 69. North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 70. North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 71. Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 72. Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 73. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Region (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2023 VS 2033
Table 74. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Region (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 75. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Region (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 76. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
Table 77. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Share by Region (2024-2033)
Table 78. Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Region (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2023 VS 2033
Table 79. Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 80. Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 81. Middle East & Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Region (US$ Million): 2018 VS 2023 VS 2033
Table 82. Middle East & Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2018-2023) & (US$ Million)
Table 83. Middle East & Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size by Country (2024-2033) & (US$ Million)
Table 84. Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Trends
Table 85. Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Drivers
Table 86. Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Challenges
Table 87. Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Restraints
Table 88. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 89. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 90. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Year-over-Year 2018-2033 & (US$ Million)
Figure 2. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (US$ Million), 2018 VS 2023 VS 2033
Figure 3. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Share by Regions: 2023 VS 2033
Figure 4. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Forecasted Market Size Share by Region (2024-2033)
Figure 5. North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Growth Rate (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 6. Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Growth Rate (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 7. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Growth Rate (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 8. Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Growth Rate (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 9. Middle East & Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Growth Rate (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 10. Product Picture of Category II Exposure
Figure 11. Global Category II Exposure Market Size (US$ Million) & YoY Growth (2018-2033)
Figure 12. Product Picture of Category III Exposure
Figure 13. Global Category III Exposure Market Size (US$ Million) & YoY Growth (2018-2033)
Figure 14. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Share by Type: 2023 & 2033
Figure 15. North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2033)
Figure 16. Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2033)
Figure 17. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2033)
Figure 18. Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2033)
Figure 19. Middle East and Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2033)
Figure 20. Adult Market Size (US$ Million) & YoY Growth (2018-2033)
Figure 21. Children Market Size (US$ Million) & YoY Growth (2018-2033)
Figure 22. Global Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size Share by Application: 2023 & 2033
Figure 23. North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2033)
Figure 24. Europe Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2033)
Figure 25. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2033)
Figure 26. Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2033)
Figure 27. Middle East and Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2033)
Figure 28. Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2018 VS 2023
Figure 29. Global Top 5 and Top 10 Players Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Share in 2023
Figure 30. North America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Share by Country (2018-2033)
Figure 31. United States Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 32. Canada Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 33. Germany Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 34. France Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 35. U.K. Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 36. Italy Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 37. Russia Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 38. Nordic Countries Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 39. Asia-Pacific Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Share by Region (2018-2033)
Figure 40. China Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 41. Japan Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 42. South Korea Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 43. Southeast Asia Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 44. India Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 45. Australia Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 46. Latin America Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Share by Country (2018-2033)
Figure 47. Mexico Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 48. Brazil Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 49. Middle East & Africa Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Share by Country (2018-2033)
Figure 50. Turkey Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 51. Saudi Arabia Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 52. UAE Rabies Monoclonal Antibody Market Size (2018-2033) & (US$ Million)
Figure 53. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report