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Global Gas Rotisseries Industry Outlook 2024: Overview, Opportunities, Key Companies and Forecast to 2034


Published on: 2024-01-04 | No of Pages : 320 | Industry : Machinery & Equipment

Publisher : GRD Survey | Format : PDF

Global Gas Rotisseries Industry Outlook 2024: Overview, Opportunities, Key Companies and Forecast to 2034

Executive Summary

According to GRD Survey data, the global Gas Rotisseries market is estimated at million US$ in 2021 and is expected to reach million US$ by the end of 2028, growing at a CAGR of % in the forecast period between 2022 and 2028.

This report studies the Gas Rotisseries market dynamics from angles such as new entries, mergers and acquisitions, fundings, exit and major technology breakthroughs. Market performance is evaluated through market size (value and volume) by players, regions, product types and end industries. This report also studies the global market competition landscape, market drivers and trends, opportunities and challenges, risks and entry barriers, sales channels, distributors and Porter's Five Forces Analysis.

Geographically, this report is segmented into several key regions, with sales, revenue, market share and growth Rate of Gas Rotisseries in these regions, from 2016 to 2027, covering
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain and Russia, etc.)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, India, Australia)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, etc.)
Middle East and Africa (Turkey, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, etc.)

Market Snapshot, By Product Type
Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Natural Gas
Others

Market Snapshot, By Application
Household
Commercial
Others

Main Market Players Analyzed in this report, including
Roller Grill
Officine Gullo
MELTEM
LACANCHE
ELANGRILL
Alto-Shaam
ALPINA Grills

The study objectives of this report are
To study and analyze the global Gas Rotisseries market size (value & volume) by company, key regions/countries, products and application, history data from 2016 to 2020, and forecast to 2027.
To understand industry structure of Gas Rotisseries market by identifying its various subsegments.
To share detailed information about the key factors influencing the growth of the market (growth potential, opportunities, drivers, industry-specific challenges and risks).
To identify the key global Gas Rotisseries manufacturers and regional typical players, to define, describe and analyze their sales volume, value, market share, market competition landscape, SWOT analysis and development plans in next few years.
To analyze the Gas Rotisseries market with respect to individual growth trends, future prospects, and their contribution to the total market.
To project the value and volume of Gas Rotisseries submarkets, with respect to key regions (along with their respective key countries).
To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.
To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their growth strategies.

In this study, the years considered to estimate the market size of Gas Rotisseries are as follows
History Year2016-2020
Base Year2020
Estimated Year2021
Forecast Year 2021 to 2027

This report includes the estimation of market size in terms of value (million USD) and volume from top-down approach by analyzing major submarkets and their major driving factors, and verified from bottom-up approaches. Key players in the market have been identified through secondary research, and their market shares have been determined through primary and secondary research. All percentage shares, splits, and breakdowns have been determined using secondary sources and verified from primary sources.

For the data information by region, company, type and application, 2020 is considered as the base year. Whenever data information was unavailable for the base year, the prior year has been considered.

Key Stakeholders Considered in the study
Raw material vendors
Distributors/traders/wholesalers/suppliers
Regulatory authorities, including government agencies and NGO
Commercial research & development (R&D) institutions
Importers and exporters
Government organizations, research organizations, and consulting firms
Trade/Industrial associations
End-use industries

Table of Content

Table of Contents

1 Market Definition & Scope
1.1 Definition & Scope
1.2 Gas Rotisseries Product Specifications
1.3 Main Events (Entry, M&A, Exit, Technology and Capital Activity)
1.4 Global Gas Rotisseries Market Performance and Outlook

2 Market Development Performance under COVID-19
2.1 Influencing Factors of Industry Development in the Next Five Years
2.1.1 Drivers
2.1.2 Restraints
2.1.3 Opportunities
2.2 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
2.3 Comparison of Alternatives and Gas Rotisseries

3 Supply Chain and Manufacturing Cost Analysis
3.1 Supply Chain Analysis
3.2 Raw Materials and Key Suppliers Analysis
3.2.1 Raw Materials Introduction
3.2.1 Raw Materials Key Suppliers List
3.3 Gas Rotisseries Sales Channel and Distributors Analysis
3.3.1 Gas Rotisseries Sales Channel
3.3.2 Gas Rotisseries Distributors
3.4 Key Buying Industries/Consumers
3.4.1 Major Buyers in Household
3.4.2 Major Buyers in Commercial
3.5 Gas Rotisseries Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis

4 Market Segment: by Type
4.1 Gas Rotisseries Type Introduction
4.1.1 Liquefied Petroleum Gas
4.1.2 Natural Gas
4.1.3 Others
4.2 Global Gas Rotisseries Sales by Type 2016-2021
4.3 Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue by Type 2016-2021
4.4 Global Gas Rotisseries Price by Type 2016-2021

5 Market Segment: by Application
5.1 Gas Rotisseries Type Introduction
5.1.1 Household
5.1.2 Commercial
5.1.3 Others
5.2 Global Gas Rotisseries Sales by Application 2016-2021
5.3 Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue by Application 2016-2021
5.4 Global Gas Rotisseries Price by Application 2016-2021

6 Marke Segment: by Region
6.1 Global Gas Rotisseries Market by Region
6.1.1 Global Gas Rotisseries Sales by Regions
6.1.2 Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue by Regions
6.2 North America Gas Rotisseries Market 2016-2021
6.3 Europe Gas Rotisseries Market 2016-2021
6.4 Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Market 2016-2021
6.5 South America Gas Rotisseries Market 2016-2021
6.6 Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Market 2016-2021

7 North America
7.1 North America Gas Rotisseries Market by Country 2016-2021
7.1.1 North America Gas Rotisseries Sales by Country
7.1.2 North America Gas Rotisseries Revenue by Country
7.2 United States
7.3 Canada
7.4 Mexico

8 Europe
8.1 Europe Gas Rotisseries Market by Country 2016-2021
8.1.1 Europe Gas Rotisseries Sales by Country
8.1.2 Europe Gas Rotisseries Revenue by Country
8.2 Germany
8.3 France
8.4 UK
8.5 Italy
8.6 Russia
8.7 Spain

9 Asia Pacific
9.1 Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Market by Country 2016-2021
9.1.1 Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Sales by Country
9.1.2 Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Revenue by Country
9.2 China
9.3 Japan
9.4 Korea
9.5 Southeast Asia
9.6 India
9.7 Australia

10 South America
10.1 South America Gas Rotisseries Market by Country 2016-2021
10.1.1 South America Gas Rotisseries Sales by Country
10.1.2 South America Gas Rotisseries Revenue by Country
10.2 Brazil
10.3 Argentina
10.4 Colombia

11 Middle East and Africa
11.1 Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Market by Country 2016-2021
11.1.1 Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Sales by Country
11.1.2 Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Revenue by Country
11.2 Turkey
11.3 Saudi Arabia
11.4 South Africa

12 Key Participants Company Information
12.1 Roller Grill
12.1.1 Roller Grill Company Information
12.1.2 Roller Grill Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.1.3 Roller Grill Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.1.4 Roller Grill Key Development
12.2 Officine Gullo
12.2.1 Officine Gullo Company Information
12.2.2 Officine Gullo Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.2.3 Officine Gullo Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.2.4 Officine Gullo Key Development
12.3 MELTEM
12.3.1 MELTEM Company Information
12.3.2 MELTEM Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.3.3 MELTEM Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.3.4 MELTEM Key Development
12.4 LACANCHE
12.4.1 LACANCHE Company Information
12.4.2 LACANCHE Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.4.3 LACANCHE Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.4.4 LACANCHE Key Development
12.5 ELANGRILL
12.5.1 ELANGRILL Company Information
12.5.2 ELANGRILL Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.5.3 ELANGRILL Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.5.4 ELANGRILL Key Development
12.6 Alto-Shaam
12.6.1 Alto-Shaam Company Information
12.6.2 Alto-Shaam Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.6.3 Alto-Shaam Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.6.4 Alto-Shaam Key Development
12.7 ALPINA Grills
12.7.1 ALPINA Grills Company Information
12.7.2 ALPINA Grills Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.7.3 ALPINA Grills Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.7.4 Alto-Shaam Key Development

13 Global Gas Rotisseries Market Forecast by Region by Type and by Application
13.1 Global Gas Rotisseries Sales, Revenue Forecast 2022-2027
13.2 Global Gas Rotisseries Forecast by Regions
13.2.1 Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Forecast by Region 2022-2027
13.2.2 Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Forecast by Region 2022-2027
13.3 Global Gas Rotisseries Forecast by Type
13.3.1 Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Forecast by Type 2022-2027
13.3.2 Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Forecast by Type 2022-2027
13.3.3 Global Gas Rotisseries Price Forecast by Type 2022-2027
13.4 Global Gas Rotisseries Forecast by Application
13.4.1 Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Forecast by Application 2022-2027
13.4.2 Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Forecast by Application 2022-2027
13.4.3 Global Gas Rotisseries Price Forecast by Application 2022-2027

14 Analyst Views and Conclusions

15 Methodology and Data Source
15.1 Methodology
15.2 Research Data Source
15.2.1 Secondary Data
15.2.2 Primary Data
15.2.3 Market Size Estimation
15.3 Legal Disclaimer

List of Figure

List of Tables

Table 1: Global Gas Rotisseries Production Specifications
Table 2: Drivers in Gas Rotisseries Market
Table 3: Restraints Gas Rotisseries Market
Table 4: Opportunity in Gas Rotisseries Market
Table 5: Comparion of Alternative and Gas Rotisseries
Table 6: Gas Rotisseries Raw Materials Key Suppliers List
Table 7: Gas Rotisseries Distributors List
Table 8: Gas Rotisseries Major Buyers in Household
Table 9: Gas Rotisseries Major Buyers in Commercial
Table 10: Gas Rotisseries Major Buyers in Others
Table 11: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) by Type 2016-2021
Table 12: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Type 2016-2021
Table 13: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) by Type 2016-2021
Table 14: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Type 2016-2021
Table 15: Global Gas Rotisseries Price by Type 2016-2021
Table 16: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) by Application 2016-2021
Table 17: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Application 2016-2021
Table 18: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) by Application 2016-2021
Table 19: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Application 2016-2021
Table 20: Global Gas Rotisseries Price by Application 2016-2021
Table 21: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) by Region 2016-2021
Table 22: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Region 2016-2021
Table 23: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) by Region 2016-2021
Table 24: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Region 2016-2021
Table 25: North America Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) by Country 2016-2021
Table 26: North America Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Country 2016-2021
Table 27: North America Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) by Country 2016-2021
Table 28: North America Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Country 2016-2021)
Table 29: Europe Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) by Country 2016-2021
Table 30: Europe Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Country 2016-2021
Table 31: Europe Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) by Country 2016-2021
Table 32: Europe Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Country 2016-2021)
Table 33: Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) by Country 2016-2021
Table 34: Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Country 2016-2021
Table 35: Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) by Country 2016-2021
Table 36: Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Country 2016-2021)
Table 37: South America Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) by Country 2016-2021
Table 38: South America Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Country 2016-2021
Table 39: South America Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) by Country 2016-2021
Table 40: South America Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Country 2016-2021)
Table 41: Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) by Country 2016-2021
Table 42: Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Country 2016-2021
Table 43: Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) by Country 2016-2021
Table 44: Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Country 2016-2021)
Table 45 Roller Grill Company Information
Table 46 Roller Grill Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 47 Roller Grill Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 48 Officine Gullo Company Information
Table 49 Officine Gullo Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 50 Officine Gullo Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 51 MELTEM Company Information
Table 52 MELTEM Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 53 MELTEM Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 54 LACANCHE Company Information
Table 55 LACANCHE Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 56 LACANCHE Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 57 ELANGRILL Company Information
Table 58 ELANGRILL Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 59 ELANGRILL Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 60 Alto-Shaam Company Information
Table 61 Alto-Shaam Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 62 Alto-Shaam Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 63 ALPINA Grills Company Information
Table 64 ALPINA Grills Gas Rotisseries Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 65 ALPINA Grills Gas Rotisseries Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 72: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 73: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share Forecast by Region (2012-2027)
Table 74: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 75: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 76: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 77: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2012-2027)
Table 78: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 79: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 80: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Forecast by Applicaion (2022-2027)
Table 81: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2012-2027)
Table 82: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 83: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)


List of Figures

Figure 1: Gas Rotisseries Picture
Figure 2: Global Gas Rotisseries Market Size (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 3: Porter's Five Forces Analysis
Figure 4: Gas Rotisseries Supply Chain Analysis
Figure 5: Gas Rotisseries Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
Figure 6: Product Picture of Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Figure 7: Product Picture of Natural Gas
Figure 8: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Type, 2020
Figure 9: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Type, 2020
Figure 10: Gas Rotisseries in Household
Figure 11: Global Gas Rotisseries Market: Household 2016-2021
Figure 12: Gas Rotisseries in Commercial
Figure 13: Global Gas Rotisseries Market: Commercial 2016-2021
Figure 14: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Application, 2020
Figure 15: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Application, 2020
Figure 16: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Region 2016-2021
Figure 17: Global Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Region 2016-2021
Figure 18: North America Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 19: North America Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 20: Europe Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 21: Europe Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 22: Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 23: Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 24: South America Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 25: South America Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 26: Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 27: Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 28: North America Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 29: North America Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 30: United States Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 31: United States Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 32: Canada Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 33: Canada Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 34: Mexico Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 35: Mexico Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 36: Europe Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 37: Europe Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 38: Germany Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 39: Germany Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 40: France Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 41: France Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 42: UK Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 43: UK Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 44: Italy Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 45: Italy Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 46: Russia Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 46: Russia Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 47: Spain Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 48: Spain Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 49: Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 50: Asia Pacific Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 51: China Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 52: China Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 53: Japan Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 54: Japan Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 55: Korea Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 56: Korea Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 57: Southeast Asia Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 58: Southeast Asia Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 59: India Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 60: India Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 61: Australia Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 62: Australia Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 63: South America Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 64: South America Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 65: Brazil Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 66: Brazil Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 67: Argentina Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 68: Argentina Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 69: Colombia Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 70: Colombia Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 71: Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Sales Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 72: Middle East and Africa Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 73: Turkey Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 74: Turkey Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 75: Saudi Arabia Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 76: Saudi Arabia Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 77: South Africa Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 78: South Africa Gas Rotisseries Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 79: Roller Grill Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 80: Officine Gullo Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 81: MELTEM Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 82: LACANCHE Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 83: ELANGRILL Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 84: Alto-Shaam Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 85: ALPINA Grills Gas Rotisseries Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 89: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 90: Global Gas Rotisseries Sales (K Units) Forecast (2022-2027)