img

InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Market Research: Global Status & Forecast by Geography, Type & Application (2017-2034)


Published on: 2024-01-04 | No of Pages : 232 | Industry : Electronics & Others

Publisher : 9MR | Format : PDF

InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Market Research: Global Status & Forecast by Geography, Type & Application (2017-2034)

According to MR Accuracy Reports, the Global InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Market is estimated to reach xxx million USD in 2021 and projected to grow at the CAGR of xx% during the 2022-2027. The report analyses the global InGaAs Pin Photodiodes market, the market size and growth, as well as the major market participants.
The analysis includes market size, upstream situation, market segmentation, market segmentation, price & cost and industry environment. In addition, the report outlines the factors driving industry growth and the description of market channels.The report begins from overview of industrial chain structure, and describes the upstream. Besides, the report analyses market size and forecast in different geographies, type and end-use segment, in addition, the report introduces market competition overview among the major companies and companies profiles, besides, market price and channel features are covered in the report.
Key Regions
Asia Pacific
North America
Europe
South America
Middle East & Africa
Key Companies
Hamamatsu
First Sensor
Jenoptik
Teledyne Technologies
Luna Innovations
Lumentum Holdings
Laser Components
Albis Optoelectronics
Thorlabs
Sensors Unlimited
Flir
Xenics
New Imaging Technologies
Key Product Type
Cooled Pin Photodiodes
Uncooled Pin Photodiodes
Market by Application
Military and Defense
Industrial Automation
Surveillance, Safety, and Security
Scientific Research
Others
Main Aspects covered in the Report
Overview of the InGaAs Pin Photodiodes market including production, consumption, status & forecast and market growth
2017-2021 historical data and 2022-2027 market forecast
Geographical analysis including major countries
Overview the product type market including development
Overview the end-user market including development

Table of Content

Table of Content
1 Industrial Chain Overview
1.1 InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Industry
1.1.1 Overview
Figure InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Picture List
1.1.2 Characteristics of InGaAs Pin Photodiodes
1.2 Upstream
1.2.1 Major Materials
1.2.2 Manufacturing Overview
1.3 Product List By Type
1.3.1 Cooled Pin Photodiodes
1.3.2 Uncooled Pin Photodiodes
1.4 End-Use List
1.4.1 Demand in Military and Defense
1.4.2 Demand in Industrial Automation
1.4.3 Demand in Surveillance, Safety, and Security
1.4.4 Demand in Scientific Research
1.4.5 Demand in Others
1.5 Global Market Overview
1.5.1 Global Market Size and Forecast, 2017-2027
Figure Global Market Size and Forecast with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
1.5.2 Global Market Size and Forecast by Geography with CAGR, 2017-2027
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Geography with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
1.5.3 Global Market Size and Forecast by Product Type with CAGR, 2017-2027
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Type with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
1.5.4 Global Market Size and Forecast by End-Use with CAGR, 2017-2027
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by End-Use with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
2 Global Production & Consumption by Geography
2.1 Global Production & Consumption
2.1.1 Global Production
Figure Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.1.2 Global Consumption
Figure Global Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Global Market Volume and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Amount and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2 Geographic Production & Consumption
2.2.1 Production
2.2.1.1 Asia-Pacific
Figure Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.1.2 North America
Figure North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.1.3 South America
Figure South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.1.4 Europe
Figure Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.1.5 Middle East & Africa
Figure Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.2 Consumption
2.2.2.1 Asia-Pacific
Figure Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.2.2 North America
Figure North America Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table North America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure North America Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table North America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.2.3 South America
Figure South America Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table South America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure South America Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table South America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.2.4 Europe
Figure Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.2.5 Middle East & Africa
Figure Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
3 Major Manufacturers Introduction
3.1 Manufacturers Overview
Table Major Manufacturers Headquarters and Contact Information
Table Major Manufacturers Capacity List in 2021
3.2 Manufacturers List
3.2.1 Hamamatsu Overview
Table Hamamatsu Overview List
3.2.1.1 Product Specifications
3.2.1.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Hamamatsu (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.1.3 Recent Developments
3.2.1.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.2 First Sensor Overview
Table First Sensor Overview List
3.2.2.1 Product Specifications
3.2.2.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of First Sensor (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.2.3 Recent Developments
3.2.2.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.3 Jenoptik Overview
Table Jenoptik Overview List
3.2.3.1 Product Specifications
3.2.3.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Jenoptik (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.3.3 Recent Developments
3.2.3.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.4 Teledyne Technologies Overview
Table Teledyne Technologies Overview List
3.2.4.1 Product Specifications
3.2.4.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Teledyne Technologies (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.4.3 Recent Developments
3.2.4.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.5 Luna Innovations Overview
Table Luna Innovations Overview List
3.2.5.1 Product Specifications
3.2.5.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Luna Innovations (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.5.3 Recent Developments
3.2.5.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.6 Lumentum Holdings Overview
Table Lumentum Holdings Overview List
3.2.6.1 Product Specifications
3.2.6.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Lumentum Holdings (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.6.3 Recent Developments
3.2.6.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.7 Laser Components Overview
Table Laser Components Overview List
3.2.7.1 Product Specifications
3.2.7.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Laser Components (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.7.3 Recent Developments
3.2.7.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.8 Albis Optoelectronics Overview
Table Albis Optoelectronics Overview List
3.2.8.1 Product Specifications
3.2.8.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Albis Optoelectronics (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.8.3 Recent Developments
3.2.8.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.9 Thorlabs Overview
Table Thorlabs Overview List
3.2.9.1 Product Specifications
3.2.9.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Thorlabs (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.9.3 Recent Developments
3.2.9.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.10 Sensors Unlimited Overview
Table Sensors Unlimited Overview List
3.2.10.1 Product Specifications
3.2.10.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Sensors Unlimited (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.10.3 Recent Developments
3.2.10.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.11 Flir Overview
Table Flir Overview List
3.2.11.1 Product Specifications
3.2.11.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Flir (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.11.3 Recent Developments
3.2.11.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.12 Xenics Overview
Table Xenics Overview List
3.2.12.1 Product Specifications
3.2.12.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Xenics (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.12.3 Recent Developments
3.2.12.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.13 New Imaging Technologies Overview
Table New Imaging Technologies Overview List
3.2.13.1 Product Specifications
3.2.13.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of New Imaging Technologies (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.13.3 Recent Developments
3.2.13.4 Future Strategic Planning
4 Market Competition Pattern
4.1 Market Size and Sketch
Figure Global Market Size and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure Global Market Size and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Figure Global Competition Sketch Overview
4.2 Company Market Share
4.2.1 Global Production by Major Manufacturers
Table Global Production Volume List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Global Production Volume Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Volume
Figure Global Production Volume Share by Manufacturers in 2021, in Volume
Table Global Production Amount List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Production Amount Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Figure Global Production Amount Share by Manufacturers in 2021, in Million USD
4.2.2 Market Concentration Analysis
4.3 Market News and Trend
4.3.1 Merger & Acquisition
4.3.2 New Product Launch
5 Product Type Segment
5.1 Global Overview by Product Type Segment
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment 2017-2021, in Volume
5.2 Segment Subdivision by Product Type
5.2.1 Market in Cooled Pin Photodiodes
5.2.1.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Cooled Pin Photodiodes, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Cooled Pin Photodiodes, 2017-2021, in Volume
5.2.1.2 Situation & Development
5.2.2 Market in Uncooled Pin Photodiodes
5.2.2.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Uncooled Pin Photodiodes, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Uncooled Pin Photodiodes, 2017-2021, in Volume
5.2.2.2 Situation & Development
6 End-Use Segment
6.1 Global Overview by End-Use Segment
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment 2017-2021, in Volume
6.2 Segment Subdivision
6.2.1 Market in Military and Defense
6.2.1.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Military and Defense, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Military and Defense, 2017-2021, in Volume
6.2.1.2 Situation & Development
6.2.2 Market in Industrial Automation
6.2.2.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Industrial Automation, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Industrial Automation, 2017-2021, in Volume
6.2.2.2 Situation & Development
6.2.3 Market in Surveillance, Safety, and Security
6.2.3.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Surveillance, Safety, and Security, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Surveillance, Safety, and Security, 2017-2021, in Volume
6.2.3.2 Situation & Development
6.2.4 Market in Scientific Research
6.2.4.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Scientific Research, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Scientific Research, 2017-2021, in Volume
6.2.4.2 Situation & Development
6.2.5 Market in Others
6.2.5.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2017-2021, in Volume
6.2.5.2 Situation & Development
7 Market Forecast & Trend
7.1 Regional Forecast
Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Volume
7.2 Consumption Forecast
7.2.1 Product Type Forecast
Table Global Market Amount by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Volume by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Volume
7.2.2 End-Use Forecast
Table Global Market Amount by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Volume by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Volume
7.3 Investment Trend
7.4 Consumption Trend
8 Price & Channel
8.1 Price and Cost
8.1.1 Price
8.1.2 Cost
Figure Cost Component Ratio
8.2 Channel Segment
9 Market Drivers & Investment Environment
9.1 Market Drivers
9.2 Investment Environment
9.3 Impact of Coronavirus on the InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Industry
9.3.1 Impact on Industry Upstream
9.3.2 Impact on Industry Downstream
9.3.3 Impact on Industry Channels
9.3.4 Impact on Industry Competition
9.3.5 Impact on Industry Employment
10 Research Conclusion

List of Figure

List of Table
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Geography with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Type with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by End-Use with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
Table Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Volume and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Global Market Amount and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table North America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table North America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table South America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table South America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Major Manufacturers Headquarters and Contact Information
Table Major Manufacturers Capacity List in 2021
Table Hamamatsu Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Hamamatsu (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table First Sensor Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of First Sensor (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Jenoptik Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Jenoptik (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Teledyne Technologies Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Teledyne Technologies (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Luna Innovations Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Luna Innovations (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Lumentum Holdings Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Lumentum Holdings (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Laser Components Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Laser Components (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Albis Optoelectronics Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Albis Optoelectronics (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Thorlabs Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Thorlabs (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Sensors Unlimited Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Sensors Unlimited (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Flir Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Flir (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Xenics Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of Xenics (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table New Imaging Technologies Overview List
Table InGaAs Pin Photodiodes Business Operation of New Imaging Technologies (Production Volume (Volume), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Global Production Volume List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Global Production Volume Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Global Production Amount List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Production Amount Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment 2017-2021, in Volume
Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Volume
Table Global Market Amount by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Volume by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Volume
Table Global Market Amount by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Volume by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Volume