Table of Content

Table of Content
1 Industrial Chain Overview
1.1 PH Sensors Industry
1.1.1 Overview
Figure PH Sensors Picture List
1.1.2 Characteristics of PH Sensors
1.2 Upstream
1.2.1 Major Materials
1.2.2 Manufacturing Overview
1.3 Product List By Type
1.3.1 Portable PH Sensors
1.3.2 Benchtop PH Sensors
1.3.3 On-line PH Sensors
1.4 End-Use List
1.4.1 Demand in Chemical Industry
1.4.2 Demand in Pharmaceutical Industry
1.4.3 Demand in Food and Beverages
1.4.4 Demand in Water Treatment
1.4.5 Demand in Others
1.5 Global Market Overview
1.5.1 Global Market Size and Forecast, 2017-2027
Figure Global Market Size and Forecast with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
1.5.2 Global Market Size and Forecast by Geography with CAGR, 2017-2027
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Geography with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
1.5.3 Global Market Size and Forecast by Product Type with CAGR, 2017-2027
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Type with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
1.5.4 Global Market Size and Forecast by End-Use with CAGR, 2017-2027
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by End-Use with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
2 Global Production & Consumption by Geography
2.1 Global Production & Consumption
2.1.1 Global Production
Figure Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.1.2 Global Consumption
Figure Global Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Global Market Volume and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Amount and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2 Geographic Production & Consumption
2.2.1 Production
2.2.1.1 Asia-Pacific
Figure Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.1.2 North America
Figure North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.1.3 South America
Figure South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.1.4 Europe
Figure Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.1.5 Middle East & Africa
Figure Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.2 Consumption
2.2.2.1 Asia-Pacific
Figure Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.2.2 North America
Figure North America Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table North America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure North America Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table North America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.2.3 South America
Figure South America Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table South America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure South America Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table South America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.2.4 Europe
Figure Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
2.2.2.5 Middle East & Africa
Figure Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
3 Major Manufacturers Introduction
3.1 Manufacturers Overview
Table Major Manufacturers Headquarters and Contact Information
Table Major Manufacturers Capacity List in 2021
3.2 Manufacturers List
3.2.1 Endress+Hauser Overview
Table Endress+Hauser Overview List
3.2.1.1 Product Specifications
3.2.1.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Endress+Hauser (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.1.3 Recent Developments
3.2.1.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.2 Emerson Overview
Table Emerson Overview List
3.2.2.1 Product Specifications
3.2.2.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Emerson (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.2.3 Recent Developments
3.2.2.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.3 Honeywell Overview
Table Honeywell Overview List
3.2.3.1 Product Specifications
3.2.3.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Honeywell (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.3.3 Recent Developments
3.2.3.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.4 ABB Overview
Table ABB Overview List
3.2.4.1 Product Specifications
3.2.4.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of ABB (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.4.3 Recent Developments
3.2.4.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.5 Yokogawa Electric Corporation Overview
Table Yokogawa Electric Corporation Overview List
3.2.5.1 Product Specifications
3.2.5.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Yokogawa Electric Corporation (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.5.3 Recent Developments
3.2.5.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.6 Mettler Toledo Overview
Table Mettler Toledo Overview List
3.2.6.1 Product Specifications
3.2.6.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Mettler Toledo (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.6.3 Recent Developments
3.2.6.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.7 Vernier Software & Technology Overview
Table Vernier Software & Technology Overview List
3.2.7.1 Product Specifications
3.2.7.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Vernier Software & Technology (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.7.3 Recent Developments
3.2.7.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.8 Barben Analyzer (Ametek) Overview
Table Barben Analyzer (Ametek) Overview List
3.2.8.1 Product Specifications
3.2.8.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Barben Analyzer (Ametek) (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.8.3 Recent Developments
3.2.8.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.9 Hach Overview
Table Hach Overview List
3.2.9.1 Product Specifications
3.2.9.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Hach (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.9.3 Recent Developments
3.2.9.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.10 Knick Overview
Table Knick Overview List
3.2.10.1 Product Specifications
3.2.10.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Knick (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.10.3 Recent Developments
3.2.10.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.11 OMEGA Engineering Overview
Table OMEGA Engineering Overview List
3.2.11.1 Product Specifications
3.2.11.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of OMEGA Engineering (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.11.3 Recent Developments
3.2.11.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.12 REFEX Sensors Ltd Overview
Table REFEX Sensors Ltd Overview List
3.2.12.1 Product Specifications
3.2.12.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of REFEX Sensors Ltd (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.12.3 Recent Developments
3.2.12.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.13 PreSens Precision Sensing Overview
Table PreSens Precision Sensing Overview List
3.2.13.1 Product Specifications
3.2.13.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of PreSens Precision Sensing (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.13.3 Recent Developments
3.2.13.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.14 Sensorex Overview
Table Sensorex Overview List
3.2.14.1 Product Specifications
3.2.14.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Sensorex (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.14.3 Recent Developments
3.2.14.4 Future Strategic Planning
3.2.15 Hamilton Overview
Table Hamilton Overview List
3.2.15.1 Product Specifications
3.2.15.2 Business Data (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Margin)
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Hamilton (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
3.2.15.3 Recent Developments
3.2.15.4 Future Strategic Planning
4 Market Competition Pattern
4.1 Market Size and Sketch
Figure Global Market Size and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure Global Market Size and Growth Rate, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Figure Global Competition Sketch Overview
4.2 Company Market Share
4.2.1 Global Production by Major Manufacturers
Table Global Production Volume List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Global Production Volume Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Figure Global Production Volume Share by Manufacturers in 2021, in Kilo Units
Table Global Production Amount List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Production Amount Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Figure Global Production Amount Share by Manufacturers in 2021, in Million USD
4.2.2 Market Concentration Analysis
4.3 Market News and Trend
4.3.1 Merger & Acquisition
4.3.2 New Product Launch
5 Product Type Segment
5.1 Global Overview by Product Type Segment
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
5.2 Segment Subdivision by Product Type
5.2.1 Market in Portable PH Sensors
5.2.1.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Portable PH Sensors, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Portable PH Sensors, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
5.2.1.2 Situation & Development
5.2.2 Market in Benchtop PH Sensors
5.2.2.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Benchtop PH Sensors, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Benchtop PH Sensors, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
5.2.2.2 Situation & Development
5.2.3 Market in On-line PH Sensors
5.2.3.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in On-line PH Sensors, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in On-line PH Sensors, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
5.2.3.2 Situation & Development
6 End-Use Segment
6.1 Global Overview by End-Use Segment
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
6.2 Segment Subdivision
6.2.1 Market in Chemical Industry
6.2.1.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Chemical Industry, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Chemical Industry, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
6.2.1.2 Situation & Development
6.2.2 Market in Pharmaceutical Industry
6.2.2.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Pharmaceutical Industry, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Pharmaceutical Industry, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
6.2.2.2 Situation & Development
6.2.3 Market in Food and Beverages
6.2.3.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Food and Beverages, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Food and Beverages, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
6.2.3.2 Situation & Development
6.2.4 Market in Water Treatment
6.2.4.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Water Treatment, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Water Treatment, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
6.2.4.2 Situation & Development
6.2.5 Market in Others
6.2.5.1 Market Size
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2017-2021, in USD Million
Figure Global Market Amount and Growth Rate in Others, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
6.2.5.2 Situation & Development
7 Market Forecast & Trend
7.1 Regional Forecast
Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Kilo Units
7.2 Consumption Forecast
7.2.1 Product Type Forecast
Table Global Market Amount by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Volume by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Kilo Units
7.2.2 End-Use Forecast
Table Global Market Amount by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Volume by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Kilo Units
7.3 Investment Trend
7.4 Consumption Trend
8 Price & Channel
8.1 Price and Cost
8.1.1 Price
8.1.2 Cost
Figure Cost Component Ratio
8.2 Channel Segment
9 Market Drivers & Investment Environment
9.1 Market Drivers
9.2 Investment Environment
9.3 Impact of Coronavirus on the PH Sensors Industry
9.3.1 Impact on Industry Upstream
9.3.2 Impact on Industry Downstream
9.3.3 Impact on Industry Channels
9.3.4 Impact on Industry Competition
9.3.5 Impact on Industry Employment
10 Research Conclusion

List of Figure

List of Table
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Geography with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by Type with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
Table Global Market Size and Forecast by End-Use with Growth Rate, 2017-2027
Table Global Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Global Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Volume and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Global Market Amount and Growth Rate by Geography, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Asia-Pacific Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Asia-Pacific Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table North America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table North America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table South America Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table South America Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Europe Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Europe Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Middle East & Africa Production Volume Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Middle East & Africa Production Amount Status and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Asia-Pacific Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Asia-Pacific Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table North America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table North America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table South America Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table South America Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Europe Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Europe Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Middle East & Africa Market Volume and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Middle East & Africa Market Amount and Growth Rate by Region, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Major Manufacturers Headquarters and Contact Information
Table Major Manufacturers Capacity List in 2021
Table Endress+Hauser Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Endress+Hauser (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Emerson Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Emerson (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Honeywell Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Honeywell (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table ABB Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of ABB (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Yokogawa Electric Corporation Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Yokogawa Electric Corporation (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Mettler Toledo Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Mettler Toledo (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Vernier Software & Technology Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Vernier Software & Technology (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Barben Analyzer (Ametek) Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Barben Analyzer (Ametek) (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Hach Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Hach (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Knick Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Knick (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table OMEGA Engineering Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of OMEGA Engineering (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table REFEX Sensors Ltd Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of REFEX Sensors Ltd (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table PreSens Precision Sensing Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of PreSens Precision Sensing (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Sensorex Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Sensorex (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Hamilton Overview List
Table PH Sensors Business Operation of Hamilton (Production Volume (Kilo Units), Production Amount (Million USD), Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Global Production Volume List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Global Production Volume Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Global Production Amount List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Production Amount Share List by Manufacturers, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by Product Type Segment 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment, 2017-2021, in Million USD
Table Global Market Status and Growth Rate by End-Use Segment 2017-2021, in Kilo Units
Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Forecast by Region Segment 2022-2027, in Kilo Units
Table Global Market Amount by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Volume by Product Type Segment 2022-2027, in Kilo Units
Table Global Market Amount by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Million USD
Table Global Market Volume by End-Use Segment 2022-2027, in Kilo Units