Table of Content

1 Welding Protective Clothing Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Welding Protective Clothing
1.2 Welding Protective Clothing Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Growth Rate Comparison by Type (2021-2027)
1.2.2 Integrated Protective Clothing
1.2.3 Separate Protective Clothing
1.3 Welding Protective Clothing Segment by Application
1.3.1 Welding Protective Clothing Sales Comparison by Application: (2021-2027)
1.3.2 Shipbuilding Fndustry
1.3.3 steel Industry
1.3.4 Oil Industry
1.3.5 Automotive Industry
1.4 Global Welding Protective Clothing Market Size Estimates and Forecasts
1.4.1 Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue 2016-2027
1.4.2 Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales 2016-2027
1.4.3 Welding Protective Clothing Market Size by Region: 2016 Versus 2021 Versus 2027

2 Welding Protective Clothing Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.2 Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.3 Global Welding Protective Clothing Average Price by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.4 Manufacturers Welding Protective Clothing Manufacturing Sites, Area Served, Product Type
2.5 Welding Protective Clothing Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.5.1 Welding Protective Clothing Market Concentration Rate
2.5.2 The Global Top 5 and Top 10 Largest Welding Protective Clothing Players Market Share by Revenue
2.5.3 Global Welding Protective Clothing Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
2.6 Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans

3 Welding Protective Clothing Retrospective Market Scenario by Region
3.1 Global Welding Protective Clothing Retrospective Market Scenario in Revenue by Region: 2016-2021
3.2 Global Welding Protective Clothing Retrospective Market Scenario in Sales by Region: 2016-2021
3.3 North America Welding Protective Clothing Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.3.1 North America Welding Protective Clothing Sales by Country
3.3.2 North America Welding Protective Clothing Revenue by Country
3.3.3 U.S.
3.3.4 Canada
3.4 Europe Welding Protective Clothing Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.4.1 Europe Welding Protective Clothing Sales by Country
3.4.2 Europe Welding Protective Clothing Revenue by Country
3.4.3 Germany
3.4.4 France
3.4.5 U.K.
3.4.6 Italy
3.4.7 Russia
3.5 Asia Pacific Welding Protective Clothing Market Facts & Figures by Region
3.5.1 Asia Pacific Welding Protective Clothing Sales by Region
3.5.2 Asia Pacific Welding Protective Clothing Revenue by Region
3.5.3 China
3.5.4 Japan
3.5.5 South Korea
3.5.6 India
3.5.7 Australia
3.5.8 Taiwan
3.5.9 Indonesia
3.5.10 Thailand
3.5.11 Malaysia
3.5.12 Philippines
3.5.13 Vietnam
3.6 Latin America Welding Protective Clothing Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.6.1 Latin America Welding Protective Clothing Sales by Country
3.6.2 Latin America Welding Protective Clothing Revenue by Country
3.6.3 Mexico
3.6.4 Brazil
3.6.5 Argentina
3.7 Middle East and Africa Welding Protective Clothing Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.7.1 Middle East and Africa Welding Protective Clothing Sales by Country
3.7.2 Middle East and Africa Welding Protective Clothing Revenue by Country
3.7.3 Turkey
3.7.4 Saudi Arabia
3.7.5 UAE
4 Global Welding Protective Clothing Historic Market Analysis by Type
4.1 Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
4.2 Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
4.3 Global Welding Protective Clothing Price by Type (2016-2021)

5 Global Welding Protective Clothing Historic Market Analysis by Application
5.1 Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
5.2 Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
5.3 Global Welding Protective Clothing Price by Application (2016-2021)

6 Key Companies Profiled
6.1 3M
6.1.1 3M Corporation Information
6.1.2 3M Description and Business Overview
6.1.3 3M Welding Protective Clothing Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.1.4 3M Product Portfolio
6.1.5 3M Recent Developments/Updates
6.2 Honeywell
6.2.1 Honeywell Corporation Information
6.2.2 Honeywell Description and Business Overview
6.2.3 Honeywell Welding Protective Clothing Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.2.4 Honeywell Product Portfolio
6.2.5 Honeywell Recent Developments/Updates
6.3 Uvex Group
6.3.1 Uvex Group Corporation Information
6.3.2 Uvex Group Description and Business Overview
6.3.3 Uvex Group Welding Protective Clothing Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.3.4 Uvex Group Product Portfolio
6.3.5 Uvex Group Recent Developments/Updates
6.4 MSA Safety Incorporated
6.4.1 MSA Safety Incorporated Corporation Information
6.4.2 MSA Safety Incorporated Description and Business Overview
6.4.3 MSA Safety Incorporated Welding Protective Clothing Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.4.4 MSA Safety Incorporated Product Portfolio
6.4.5 MSA Safety Incorporated Recent Developments/Updates
6.5 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide
6.5.1 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Corporation Information
6.5.2 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Description and Business Overview
6.5.3 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Welding Protective Clothing Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.5.4 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Product Portfolio
6.5.5 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Recent Developments/Updates
6.6 Karam
6.6.1 Karam Corporation Information
6.6.2 Karam Description and Business Overview
6.6.3 Karam Welding Protective Clothing Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.6.4 Karam Product Portfolio
6.6.5 Karam Recent Developments/Updates
6.7 MCR Safety
6.6.1 MCR Safety Corporation Information
6.6.2 MCR Safety Description and Business Overview
6.6.3 MCR Safety Welding Protective Clothing Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.4.4 MCR Safety Product Portfolio
6.7.5 MCR Safety Recent Developments/Updates
6.8 ALSICO
6.8.1 ALSICO Corporation Information
6.8.2 ALSICO Description and Business Overview
6.8.3 ALSICO Welding Protective Clothing Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.8.4 ALSICO Product Portfolio
6.8.5 ALSICO Recent Developments/Updates
6.9 National Safety Apparel
6.9.1 National Safety Apparel Corporation Information
6.9.2 National Safety Apparel Description and Business Overview
6.9.3 National Safety Apparel Welding Protective Clothing Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.9.4 National Safety Apparel Product Portfolio
6.9.5 National Safety Apparel Recent Developments/Updates
6.10 Lincoln Electric
6.10.1 Lincoln Electric Corporation Information
6.10.2 Lincoln Electric Description and Business Overview
6.10.3 Lincoln Electric Welding Protective Clothing Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.10.4 Lincoln Electric Product Portfolio
6.10.5 Lincoln Electric Recent Developments/Updates

7 Welding Protective Clothing Manufacturing Cost Analysis
7.1 Welding Protective Clothing Key Raw Materials Analysis
7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
7.1.2 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Welding Protective Clothing
7.4 Welding Protective Clothing Industrial Chain Analysis

8 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers
8.1 Marketing Channel
8.2 Welding Protective Clothing Distributors List
8.3 Welding Protective Clothing Customers

9 Welding Protective Clothing Market Dynamics
9.1 Welding Protective Clothing Industry Trends
9.2 Welding Protective Clothing Growth Drivers
9.3 Welding Protective Clothing Market Challenges
9.4 Welding Protective Clothing Market Restraints

10 Global Market Forecast
10.1 Welding Protective Clothing Market Estimates and Projections by Type
10.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Welding Protective Clothing by Type (2022-2027)
10.1.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Welding Protective Clothing by Type (2022-2027)
10.2 Welding Protective Clothing Market Estimates and Projections by Application
10.2.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Welding Protective Clothing by Application (2022-2027)
10.2.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Welding Protective Clothing by Application (2022-2027)
10.3 Welding Protective Clothing Market Estimates and Projections by Region
10.3.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Welding Protective Clothing by Region (2022-2027)
10.3.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Welding Protective Clothing by Region (2022-2027)

11 Research Finding and Conclusion

12 Methodology and Data Source
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Author List
12.4 Disclaimer

List of Figure

List of Tables
Table 1. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units) Growth Rate Comparison by Type (2021-2027)
Table 2. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units) Comparison by Application (2021-2027)
Table 3. Global Welding Protective Clothing Market Size by Region (US$ Million) (2016 VS 2021 VS 2027)
Table 4. Key Manufacturers Welding Protective Clothing Covered in This Study
Table 5. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 6. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 7. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue (US$ Million) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 8. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 9. Global Market Welding Protective Clothing Average Price (US$/Unit) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 10. Manufacturers Welding Protective Clothing Manufacturing Sites and Area Served
Table 11. Manufacturers Welding Protective Clothing Product Type
Table 12. Global Welding Protective Clothing Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 13. Global Welding Protective Clothing by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) (based on the Revenue in Welding Protective Clothing as of 2020)
Table 14. Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 15. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 16. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 17. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 18. North America Welding Protective Clothing Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 19. North America Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 20. North America Welding Protective Clothing Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 21. North America Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 22. Europe Welding Protective Clothing Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 23. Europe Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 24. Europe Welding Protective Clothing Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 25. Europe Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 26. Asia Pacific Welding Protective Clothing Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 27. Asia Pacific Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 28. Asia Pacific Welding Protective Clothing Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 29. Asia Pacific Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 30. Latin America Welding Protective Clothing Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 31. Latin America Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 32. Latin America Welding Protective Clothing Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 33. Latin America Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 34. Middle East and Africa Welding Protective Clothing Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 35. Middle East and Africa Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 36. Middle East and Africa Welding Protective Clothing Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 37. Middle East and Africa Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 38. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 39. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 40. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue (Million US$) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 41. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 42. Global Welding Protective Clothing Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 43. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 44. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 45. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue (Million US$) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 46. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 47. Global Welding Protective Clothing Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 48. 3M Corporation Information
Table 49. 3M Description and Business Overview
Table 50. 3M Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 51. 3M Welding Protective Clothing Product
Table 52. 3M Recent Developments/Updates
Table 53. Honeywell Corporation Information
Table 54. Honeywell Description and Business Overview
Table 55. Honeywell Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 56. Honeywell Welding Protective Clothing Product
Table 57. Honeywell Recent Developments/Updates
Table 58. Uvex Group Corporation Information
Table 59. Uvex Group Description and Business Overview
Table 60. Uvex Group Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 61. Uvex Group Welding Protective Clothing Product
Table 62. Uvex Group Recent Developments/Updates
Table 63. MSA Safety Incorporated Corporation Information
Table 64. MSA Safety Incorporated Description and Business Overview
Table 65. MSA Safety Incorporated Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 66. MSA Safety Incorporated Welding Protective Clothing Product
Table 67. MSA Safety Incorporated Recent Developments/Updates
Table 68. Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Corporation Information
Table 69. Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Description and Business Overview
Table 70. Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 71. Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Welding Protective Clothing Product
Table 72. Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Recent Developments/Updates
Table 73. Karam Corporation Information
Table 74. Karam Description and Business Overview
Table 75. Karam Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 76. Karam Welding Protective Clothing Product
Table 77. Karam Recent Developments/Updates
Table 78. MCR Safety Corporation Information
Table 79. MCR Safety Description and Business Overview
Table 80. MCR Safety Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 81. MCR Safety Welding Protective Clothing Product
Table 82. MCR Safety Recent Developments/Updates
Table 83. ALSICO Corporation Information
Table 84. ALSICO Description and Business Overview
Table 85. ALSICO Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 86. ALSICO Welding Protective Clothing Product
Table 87. ALSICO Recent Developments/Updates
Table 88. National Safety Apparel Corporation Information
Table 89. National Safety Apparel Description and Business Overview
Table 90. National Safety Apparel Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 91. National Safety Apparel Welding Protective Clothing Product
Table 92. National Safety Apparel Recent Developments/Updates
Table 93. Lincoln Electric Corporation Information
Table 94. Lincoln Electric Description and Business Overview
Table 95. Lincoln Electric Welding Protective Clothing Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 96. Lincoln Electric Welding Protective Clothing Product
Table 97. Lincoln Electric Recent Developments/Updates
Table 98. Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Table 99. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Table 100. Welding Protective Clothing Distributors List
Table 101. Welding Protective Clothing Customers List
Table 102. Welding Protective Clothing Market Trends
Table 103. Welding Protective Clothing Growth Drivers
Table 104. Welding Protective Clothing Market Restraints
Table 105. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (K Units)
Table 106. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 107. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 108. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 109. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Forecast by Application (2022-2027) & (K Units)
Table 110. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 111. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Forecast by Application (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 112. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 113. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (K Units)
Table 114. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 115. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 116. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 117. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 118. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 119. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Welding Protective Clothing
Figure 2. Global Welding Protective Clothing Market Share by Type in 2020 & 2027
Figure 3. Integrated Protective Clothing Product Picture
Figure 4. Separate Protective Clothing Product Picture
Figure 5. Global Welding Protective Clothing Market Share by Application in 2020 & 2027
Figure 6. Shipbuilding Fndustry
Figure 7. steel Industry
Figure 8. Oil Industry
Figure 9. Automotive Industry
Figure 10. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue, (US$ Million), 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Figure 11. Global Welding Protective Clothing Market Size 2016-2027 (US$ Million)
Figure 12. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales 2016-2027 (K Units)
Figure 13. Global Welding Protective Clothing Market Size Market Share by Region: 2016 VS 20210 VS 2027
Figure 14. Welding Protective Clothing Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 15. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 16. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Welding Protective Clothing Players: Market Share by Revenue in 2020
Figure 17. Welding Protective Clothing Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2016 VS 2021
Figure 18. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 19. Global Welding Protective Clothing Sales Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 20. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 21. Global Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 22. U.S. Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 23. Canada Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 24. Germany Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 25. France Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 26. U.K. Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 27. Italy Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 28. Russia Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 29. China Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 30. Japan Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 31. South Korea Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 32. India Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 33. Australia Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 34. Taiwan Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 35. Indonesia Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 36. Thailand Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 37. Malaysia Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 38. Philippines Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 39. Vietnam Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 40. Mexico Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 41. Brazil Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 42. Argentina Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 43. Turkey Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 44. Saudi Arabia Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 45. UAE Welding Protective Clothing Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 46. Sales Market Share of Welding Protective Clothing by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 47. Sales Market Share of Welding Protective Clothing by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 48. Sales Market Share of Welding Protective Clothing by Application in 2020
Figure 49. Revenue Share of Welding Protective Clothing by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 50. Revenue Share of Welding Protective Clothing by Application in 2020
Figure 51. Manufacturing Cost Structure of Welding Protective Clothing
Figure 52. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Welding Protective Clothing
Figure 53. Welding Protective Clothing Industrial Chain Analysis
Figure 54. Channels of Distribution
Figure 55. Distributors Profiles
Figure 56. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 57. Data Triangulation
Figure 58. Key Executives Interviewed