Table of Content

1 Travel Sickness Drugs Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Travel Sickness Drugs
1.2 Travel Sickness Drugs Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Growth Rate Comparison by Type (2021-2027)
1.2.2 Anticholinergic
1.2.3 Antihistamines
1.2.4 Others
1.3 Travel Sickness Drugs Segment by Application
1.3.1 Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Comparison by Application: (2021-2027)
1.3.2 Adults
1.3.3 Children
1.4 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Market Size Estimates and Forecasts
1.4.1 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue 2016-2027
1.4.2 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales 2016-2027
1.4.3 Travel Sickness Drugs Market Size by Region: 2016 Versus 2021 Versus 2027

2 Travel Sickness Drugs Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.2 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.3 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Average Price by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.4 Manufacturers Travel Sickness Drugs Manufacturing Sites, Area Served, Product Type
2.5 Travel Sickness Drugs Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.5.1 Travel Sickness Drugs Market Concentration Rate
2.5.2 The Global Top 5 and Top 10 Largest Travel Sickness Drugs Players Market Share by Revenue
2.5.3 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
2.6 Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans

3 Travel Sickness Drugs Retrospective Market Scenario by Region
3.1 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Retrospective Market Scenario in Revenue by Region: 2016-2021
3.2 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Retrospective Market Scenario in Sales by Region: 2016-2021
3.3 North America Travel Sickness Drugs Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.3.1 North America Travel Sickness Drugs Sales by Country
3.3.2 North America Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue by Country
3.3.3 U.S.
3.3.4 Canada
3.4 Europe Travel Sickness Drugs Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.4.1 Europe Travel Sickness Drugs Sales by Country
3.4.2 Europe Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue by Country
3.4.3 Germany
3.4.4 France
3.4.5 U.K.
3.4.6 Italy
3.4.7 Russia
3.5 Asia Pacific Travel Sickness Drugs Market Facts & Figures by Region
3.5.1 Asia Pacific Travel Sickness Drugs Sales by Region
3.5.2 Asia Pacific Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue by Region
3.5.3 China
3.5.4 Japan
3.5.5 South Korea
3.5.6 India
3.5.7 Australia
3.5.8 Taiwan
3.5.9 Indonesia
3.5.10 Thailand
3.5.11 Malaysia
3.5.12 Philippines
3.5.13 Vietnam
3.6 Latin America Travel Sickness Drugs Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.6.1 Latin America Travel Sickness Drugs Sales by Country
3.6.2 Latin America Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue by Country
3.6.3 Mexico
3.6.4 Brazil
3.6.5 Argentina
3.7 Middle East and Africa Travel Sickness Drugs Market Facts & Figures by Country
3.7.1 Middle East and Africa Travel Sickness Drugs Sales by Country
3.7.2 Middle East and Africa Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue by Country
3.7.3 Turkey
3.7.4 Saudi Arabia
3.7.5 U.A.E
4 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Historic Market Analysis by Type
4.1 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
4.2 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
4.3 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Price by Type (2016-2021)

5 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Historic Market Analysis by Application
5.1 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
5.2 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
5.3 Global Travel Sickness Drugs Price by Application (2016-2021)

6 Key Companies Profiled
6.1 GlaxoSmithKline
6.1.1 GlaxoSmithKline Corporation Information
6.1.2 GlaxoSmithKline Description and Business Overview
6.1.3 GlaxoSmithKline Travel Sickness Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.1.4 GlaxoSmithKline Product Portfolio
6.1.5 GlaxoSmithKline Recent Developments/Updates
6.2 Prestige Brands
6.2.1 Prestige Brands Corporation Information
6.2.2 Prestige Brands Description and Business Overview
6.2.3 Prestige Brands Travel Sickness Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.2.4 Prestige Brands Product Portfolio
6.2.5 Prestige Brands Recent Developments/Updates
6.3 WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation
6.3.1 WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation Corporation Information
6.3.2 WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation Description and Business Overview
6.3.3 WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation Travel Sickness Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.3.4 WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation Product Portfolio
6.3.5 WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation Recent Developments/Updates
6.4 Baxter International
6.4.1 Baxter International Corporation Information
6.4.2 Baxter International Description and Business Overview
6.4.3 Baxter International Travel Sickness Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.4.4 Baxter International Product Portfolio
6.4.5 Baxter International Recent Developments/Updates
6.5 Mylan
6.5.1 Mylan Corporation Information
6.5.2 Mylan Description and Business Overview
6.5.3 Mylan Travel Sickness Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.5.4 Mylan Product Portfolio
6.5.5 Mylan Recent Developments/Updates
6.6 Sandoz
6.6.1 Sandoz Corporation Information
6.6.2 Sandoz Description and Business Overview
6.6.3 Sandoz Travel Sickness Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.6.4 Sandoz Product Portfolio
6.6.5 Sandoz Recent Developments/Updates
6.7 Pfizer
6.6.1 Pfizer Corporation Information
6.6.2 Pfizer Description and Business Overview
6.6.3 Pfizer Travel Sickness Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.4.4 Pfizer Product Portfolio
6.7.5 Pfizer Recent Developments/Updates
6.8 Myungmoon Pharm
6.8.1 Myungmoon Pharm Corporation Information
6.8.2 Myungmoon Pharm Description and Business Overview
6.8.3 Myungmoon Pharm Travel Sickness Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.8.4 Myungmoon Pharm Product Portfolio
6.8.5 Myungmoon Pharm Recent Developments/Updates
6.9 Caleb Pharmaceuticals
6.9.1 Caleb Pharmaceuticals Corporation Information
6.9.2 Caleb Pharmaceuticals Description and Business Overview
6.9.3 Caleb Pharmaceuticals Travel Sickness Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
6.9.4 Caleb Pharmaceuticals Product Portfolio
6.9.5 Caleb Pharmaceuticals Recent Developments/Updates

7 Travel Sickness Drugs Manufacturing Cost Analysis
7.1 Travel Sickness Drugs Key Raw Materials Analysis
7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
7.1.2 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Travel Sickness Drugs
7.4 Travel Sickness Drugs Industrial Chain Analysis

8 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers
8.1 Marketing Channel
8.2 Travel Sickness Drugs Distributors List
8.3 Travel Sickness Drugs Customers

9 Travel Sickness Drugs Market Dynamics
9.1 Travel Sickness Drugs Industry Trends
9.2 Travel Sickness Drugs Growth Drivers
9.3 Travel Sickness Drugs Market Challenges
9.4 Travel Sickness Drugs Market Restraints

10 Global Market Forecast
10.1 Travel Sickness Drugs Market Estimates and Projections by Type
10.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Travel Sickness Drugs by Type (2022-2027)
10.1.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Travel Sickness Drugs by Type (2022-2027)
10.2 Travel Sickness Drugs Market Estimates and Projections by Application
10.2.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Travel Sickness Drugs by Application (2022-2027)
10.2.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Travel Sickness Drugs by Application (2022-2027)
10.3 Travel Sickness Drugs Market Estimates and Projections by Region
10.3.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Travel Sickness Drugs by Region (2022-2027)
10.3.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Travel Sickness Drugs by Region (2022-2027)

11 Research Finding and Conclusion

12 Methodology and Data Source
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Author List
12.4 Disclaimer

List of Figure

List of Tables
Table 1. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units) Growth Rate Comparison by Type (2021-2027)
Table 2. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units) Comparison by Application (2021-2027)
Table 3. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Market Size by Region (US$ Million) (2016 VS 2021 VS 2027)
Table 4. Key Manufacturers Travel Sickness Drugs Covered in This Study
Table 5. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 6. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 7. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue (US$ Million) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 8. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 9. Global Market Travel Sickness Drugs Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 10. Manufacturers Travel Sickness Drugs Manufacturing Sites and Area Served
Table 11. Manufacturers Travel Sickness Drugs Product Type
Table 12. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 13. Global Travel Sickness Drugs by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) (based on the Revenue in Travel Sickness Drugs as of 2020)
Table 14. Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 15. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 16. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 17. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 18. North America Travel Sickness Drugs Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 19. North America Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 20. North America Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 21. North America Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 22. Europe Travel Sickness Drugs Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 23. Europe Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 24. Europe Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 25. Europe Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 26. Asia Pacific Travel Sickness Drugs Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 27. Asia Pacific Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 28. Asia Pacific Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 29. Asia Pacific Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 30. Latin America Travel Sickness Drugs Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 31. Latin America Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 32. Latin America Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 33. Latin America Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 34. Middle East and Africa Travel Sickness Drugs Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 35. Middle East and Africa Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 36. Middle East and Africa Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & (US$ Million)
Table 37. Middle East and Africa Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 38. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 39. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 40. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue (Million US$) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 41. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 42. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Price (USD/Unit) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 43. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 44. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 45. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue (Million US$) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 46. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 47. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Price (USD/Unit) by Application (2016-2021)
Table 48. GlaxoSmithKline Corporation Information
Table 49. GlaxoSmithKline Description and Business Overview
Table 50. GlaxoSmithKline Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 51. GlaxoSmithKline Travel Sickness Drugs Product
Table 52. GlaxoSmithKline Recent Developments/Updates
Table 53. Prestige Brands Corporation Information
Table 54. Prestige Brands Description and Business Overview
Table 55. Prestige Brands Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 56. Prestige Brands Travel Sickness Drugs Product
Table 57. Prestige Brands Recent Developments/Updates
Table 58. WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation Corporation Information
Table 59. WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation Description and Business Overview
Table 60. WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 61. WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation Travel Sickness Drugs Product
Table 62. WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation Recent Developments/Updates
Table 63. Baxter International Corporation Information
Table 64. Baxter International Description and Business Overview
Table 65. Baxter International Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 66. Baxter International Travel Sickness Drugs Product
Table 67. Baxter International Recent Developments/Updates
Table 68. Mylan Corporation Information
Table 69. Mylan Description and Business Overview
Table 70. Mylan Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 71. Mylan Travel Sickness Drugs Product
Table 72. Mylan Recent Developments/Updates
Table 73. Sandoz Corporation Information
Table 74. Sandoz Description and Business Overview
Table 75. Sandoz Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 76. Sandoz Travel Sickness Drugs Product
Table 77. Sandoz Recent Developments/Updates
Table 78. Pfizer Corporation Information
Table 79. Pfizer Description and Business Overview
Table 80. Pfizer Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 81. Pfizer Travel Sickness Drugs Product
Table 82. Pfizer Recent Developments/Updates
Table 83. Myungmoon Pharm Corporation Information
Table 84. Myungmoon Pharm Description and Business Overview
Table 85. Myungmoon Pharm Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 86. Myungmoon Pharm Travel Sickness Drugs Product
Table 87. Myungmoon Pharm Recent Developments/Updates
Table 88. Caleb Pharmaceuticals Corporation Information
Table 89. Caleb Pharmaceuticals Description and Business Overview
Table 90. Caleb Pharmaceuticals Travel Sickness Drugs Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
Table 91. Caleb Pharmaceuticals Travel Sickness Drugs Product
Table 92. Caleb Pharmaceuticals Recent Developments/Updates
Table 93. Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Table 94. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Table 95. Travel Sickness Drugs Distributors List
Table 96. Travel Sickness Drugs Customers List
Table 97. Travel Sickness Drugs Market Trends
Table 98. Travel Sickness Drugs Growth Drivers
Table 99. Travel Sickness Drugs Market Restraints
Table 100. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (K Units)
Table 101. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 102. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 103. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 104. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Forecast by Application (2022-2027) & (K Units)
Table 105. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 106. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Forecast by Application (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 107. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 108. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (K Units)
Table 109. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 110. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (US$ Million)
Table 111. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 112. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 113. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 114. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Travel Sickness Drugs
Figure 2. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Market Share by Type in 2020 & 2027
Figure 3. Anticholinergic Product Picture
Figure 4. Antihistamines Product Picture
Figure 5. Others Product Picture
Figure 6. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Market Share by Application in 2020 & 2027
Figure 7. Adults
Figure 8. Children
Figure 9. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue, (US$ Million), 2016 VS 2021 VS 2027
Figure 10. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Market Size 2016-2027 (US$ Million)
Figure 11. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales 2016-2027 (K Units)
Figure 12. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Market Size Market Share by Region: 2016 VS 20210 VS 2027
Figure 13. Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 14. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 15. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Travel Sickness Drugs Players: Market Share by Revenue in 2020
Figure 16. Travel Sickness Drugs Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2016 VS 2021
Figure 17. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 18. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Sales Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 19. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 20. Global Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 21. U.S. Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 22. Canada Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 23. Germany Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 24. France Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 25. U.K. Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 26. Italy Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 27. Russia Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 28. China Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 29. Japan Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 30. South Korea Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 31. India Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 32. Australia Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 33. Taiwan Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 34. Indonesia Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 35. Thailand Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 36. Malaysia Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 37. Philippines Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 38. Vietnam Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 39. Mexico Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 40. Brazil Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 41. Argentina Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 42. Turkey Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 43. Saudi Arabia Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 44. U.A.E Travel Sickness Drugs Revenue Growth Rate (2016-2021) (US$ Million)
Figure 45. Sales Market Share of Travel Sickness Drugs by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 46. Sales Market Share of Travel Sickness Drugs by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 47. Sales Market Share of Travel Sickness Drugs by Application in 2020
Figure 48. Revenue Share of Travel Sickness Drugs by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 49. Revenue Share of Travel Sickness Drugs by Application in 2020
Figure 50. Manufacturing Cost Structure of Travel Sickness Drugs
Figure 51. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Travel Sickness Drugs
Figure 52. Travel Sickness Drugs Industrial Chain Analysis
Figure 53. Channels of Distribution
Figure 54. Distributors Profiles
Figure 55. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 56. Data Triangulation
Figure 57. Key Executives Interviewed